Abstract
Hypoxia induces plant stress, particularly in cucumber plants under hydroponic culture. In plants, calcium is involved in stress signal transmission and growth. The ultimate goal of this study was to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the effects of exogenous calcium on the mitochondrial antioxidant system, the activity of respiratory metabolism enzymes, and ion transport in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Jinchun No. 2) roots under hypoxic conditions. Our experiments revealed that exogenous calcium reduces the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mitochondria under hypoxia. Exogenous calcium also enhances the accumulation of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. We utilized fluorescence and ultrastructural cytochemistry methods to observe that exogenous calcium increases the concentrations of Ca(2+) and K(+) in root cells by increasing the activity of plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase and tonoplast H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-PPase. Overall, our results suggest that hypoxic stress has an immediate and substantial effect on roots. Exogenous calcium improves metabolism and ion transport in cucumber roots, thereby increasing hypoxia tolerance in cucumber.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium reduced the level of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria of cucumber roots under hypoxia.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- level of reactive oxygen species (ROS)e0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“exogenous calcium reduces the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mitochondria under hypoxia”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mitochondria of cucumber roots under hypoxia.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“exogenous calcium reduces the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mitochondria under hypoxia”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium enhanced the accumulation of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the TCA cycle.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- rootst0
- Treatment
- Exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- accumulation of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cyclee0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“Exogenous calcium also enhances the accumulation of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium increased the concentrations of Ca2+ and K+ in cucumber root cells.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- root cellse0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Ca(2+) and K(+)e0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“exogenous calcium increases the concentrations of Ca(2+) and K(+) in root cells by increasing the activity of plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase and tonoplast H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-PPase”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous calcium increased the activity of plasma membrane H+-ATPase, tonoplast H+-ATPase and H+-PPase.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- root cellse0
- Treatment
- exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- activity of plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase and tonoplast H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-PPasee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“exogenous calcium increases the concentrations of Ca(2+) and K(+) in root cells by increasing the activity of plasma membrane (PM) H(+)-ATPase and tonoplast H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-PPase”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest hypoxic stress has an immediate and substantial effect on roots.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- hypoxic stresse0
- Outcome
- immediate and substantial effect on rootse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“hypoxic stress has an immediate and substantial effect on roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that exogenous calcium improves metabolism and ion transport in cucumber roots, thereby increasing hypoxia tolerance.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- Exogenous calciume0
- Outcome
- hypoxia tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- improves metabolism and ion transporte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cucumber roots under hypoxia”
e0“Exogenous calcium improves metabolism and ion transport in cucumber roots, thereby increasing hypoxia tolerance in cucumber”
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.