Abstract
Root exudates of plants,such as organic acids and ions,play a role in regulating plant growth and development.The purpose of this study was to investigate how nitrogen(N) and phosphorous(P) nutrients affect the production of root exudates and rice quality.Two rice cultivars,Yangdao 6(indica) and Yangjing 9538(japonica),were used,with five treatments,0 N(without N),1/2 N(1/2 N in the standard Espino nutrition solution),0 P(without P),1/2 P(1/2 P in the standard Espino nutrition solution) and CK(standard Espino nutrition solution),during the grain filling period.The compositions in root exudates and their relations with grain appearance quality,cooking and eating quality,and protein components were analyzed.The result showed that nitrogen stress(0 N) during grain-filling significantly reduced root activity,concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ions in the root exudates,accelerated the root senescence.However,phosphorus stress(0 P) significantly increased the concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ions.Correlation analysis showed that the concentrations of tartaric acid,citric acid,and amino acid in root exudates were negatively correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown values,and significantly and positively correlated with the setback values at early and mid filling stage(10 and 20 d after anthesis).The malic acid exuded from roots was significantly and positively correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown values,and significantly and negatively correlated with the setback value.The ,,,,,and in root exudates were significantly correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,protein compositions.The results suggest that N and P nutrients play a role in regulating the production of root exudates,which influence the grain quality further.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Zero nitrogen during grain filling significantly reduced rice root activity.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- nitrogen stress(0 N)e0
- Outcome
- root activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen stress(0 N) during grain-filling significantly reduced root activity”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero nitrogen significantly reduced organic acids, amino acids, and ions in rice root exudates.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen stress(0 N)e0
- Outcome
- concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ions in the root exudatese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen stress(0 N) during grain-filling significantly reduced root activity,concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ions in the root exudates”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero nitrogen accelerated rice root senescence during grain filling.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrogen stress(0 N)e0
- Outcome
- root senescencee0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen stress(0 N) during grain-filling significantly reduced root activity,concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ions in the root exudates,accelerated the root senescence”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero phosphorus significantly increased organic acids, amino acids, and ions in rice root exudates.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- phosphorus stress(0 P)e0
- Outcome
- concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ionse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phosphorus stress(0 P) significantly increased the concentrations of organic acids,amino acids,and ions”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Tartaric acid, citric acid, and amino acids in rice root exudates correlated negatively with chalkiness, amylose content, and breakdown values.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- tartaric acid,citric acid,and amino acide0
- Outcome
- chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown valuese0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of tartaric acid,citric acid,and amino acid in root exudates were negatively correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown values”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Those root exudates correlated positively and significantly with setback values at early and mid filling.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- early and mid filling stagee0
- Compound
- tartaric acid,citric acid,and amino acide0
- Outcome
- setback valuese0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of tartaric acid,citric acid,and amino acid in root exudates were negatively correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown values,and significantly and positively correlated with the setback values at early and mid filling stage(10 and 20 d after anthesis)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Malic acid exudation correlated positively and significantly with rice chalkiness, amylose content, and breakdown values.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- malic acide0
- Outcome
- chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown valuese0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malic acid exuded from roots was significantly and positively correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown values”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Malic acid exudation correlated negatively and significantly with rice setback value.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- malic acide0
- Outcome
- setback valuee0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malic acid exuded from roots was significantly and positively correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,and breakdown values,and significantly and negatively correlated with the setback value”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Unidentified root-exudate constituents were significantly correlated with rice chalkiness, amylose content, and protein composition.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- chalkiness,amylose content,protein compositionse0
- Qualifier
- root exudatese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ,,,,,and in root exudates were significantly correlated with chalkiness,amylose content,protein compositions.”
t0“Rice”
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