Paper · 1960 · Annals of Botany

Inhibition of Rooting of Cuttings by Gibberellic Acid: With one Figure in the Text

P. W. BRIAN; H. G. HEMMING; D. LOWE

15
claims
35
verbatim quotes
72
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings. Indolylacetic acid usually had a contrary effect both on extension and on root initiation. It was found possible to separate the effects of gibberellic acid on extension and rooting. Small doses of gibberellic acid applied to the bases of cuttings reduced rooting without increasing extension. Small apical doses increased extension without reducing rooting. Disbudding cuttings prevented extension, but gibberellic acid inhibited rooting of disbudded cuttings as strongly as that of normal cuttings. It has thus been found necessary to discard an earlier hypothesis that inhibition of rooting by gibberellic acid was a consequence of a diversion of essential metabolites to the extending apical regions of the cutting. The antagonism between gibberellic acid and indolylacetic acid was non-competitive. Gibberellin A1, known to occur naturally in Phaseolus, was as active a rooting inhibitor as gibberellic acid. It is now believed that inhibition of rooting of cuttings by gibberellins is a direct local effect, preventing those early cell divisions involved in transformation of mature stem tissues to a meristematic condition.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 15

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting of pea cuttings.

Treatment
Gibberellic acide0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
inhibitede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting of bean cuttings.

Taxon
beane0
Treatment
Gibberellic acide0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
inhibitede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellic acid increased extension of pea cuttings.

Treatment
Gibberellic acide0
Outcome
extensione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellic acid increased extension of bean cuttings.

Taxon
beane0
Treatment
Gibberellic acide0
Outcome
extensione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indolylacetic acid usually had the opposite effect on extension.

Treatment
Indolylacetic acide0
Outcome
extensione0
Direction
contrary effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Indolylacetic acid usually had a contrary effect both on extension and on root initiation.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 90–180 · show in text ↑
t0

“Rooting of Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indolylacetic acid usually had the opposite effect on root initiation.

Taxon
beane1
Treatment
Indolylacetic acide0
Outcome
root initiatione0
Direction
contrary effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Indolylacetic acid usually had a contrary effect both on extension and on root initiation.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 90–180 · show in text ↑
t0

“Rooting of Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Small basal gibberellic acid doses reduced rooting without increasing extension.

Treatment
Small doses of gibberellic acid applied to the bases of cuttingse0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Small doses of gibberellic acid applied to the bases of cuttings reduced rooting without increasing extension.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 273–383 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Small basal gibberellic acid doses did not increase extension.

Taxon
beane1
Treatment
Small doses of gibberellic acid applied to the bases of cuttingse0
Outcome
extensione0
Direction
without increasinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Small doses of gibberellic acid applied to the bases of cuttings reduced rooting without increasing extension.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 273–383 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Small apical gibberellic acid doses increased extension.

Treatment
Small apical dosese0
Outcome
extensione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Small apical doses increased extension without reducing rooting.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–448 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Small apical doses did not reduce rooting.

Taxon
beane1
Treatment
Small apical dosese0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
without reducinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Small apical doses increased extension without reducing rooting.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 384–448 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Disbudding prevented cutting extension.

Treatment
Disbuddinge0
Outcome
extensione0
Direction
preventede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Disbudding cuttings prevented extension”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 449–488 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting of disbudded cuttings as strongly as normal cuttings.

Taxon
beane1
Treatment
gibberellic acide0
Outcome
rootinge0
Direction
inhibitede0
Comparator
normal cuttingse0

Verbatim

e0

“gibberellic acid inhibited rooting of disbudded cuttings as strongly as that of normal cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 494–590 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The gibberellic acid and indolylacetic acid antagonism was noncompetitive.

Outcome
antagonism between gibberellic acid and indolylacetic acid was non-competitivee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The antagonism between gibberellic acid and indolylacetic acid was non-competitive.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 810–893 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gibberellin A1 inhibited rooting as strongly as gibberellic acid.

Taxon
PhaseolusPhaseoluse0
Treatment
Gibberellin A1e0
Outcome
rooting inhibitore0
Direction
as activee0
Comparator
gibberellic acide0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Phaseolus
Phaseolus · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Rasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Gibberellin A1, known to occur naturally in Phaseolus, was as active a rooting inhibitor as gibberellic acid.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 894–1003 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors propose that gibberellins directly inhibit early cell divisions needed for stem tissue to become meristematic.

Treatment
gibberellinse0
Outcome
inhibition of rooting of cuttingse0
Qualifier
preventing those early cell divisions involved in transformation of mature stem tissues to a meristematic conditione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“inhibition of rooting of cuttings by gibberellins is a direct local effect, preventing those early cell divisions involved in transformation of mature stem tissues to a meristematic condition.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1028–1220 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cuttings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 25–33 · show in text ↑
e1

“Gibberellic acid inhibited rooting but increased extension of pea and bean stem cuttings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–89 · show in text ↑

Gibberellic acid · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ

30 papers: 27 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

26 papers more in this group

See all 30 papers →

Gibberellic acid · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results differ

41 papers: 34 positive, 7 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

37 papers more in this group

See all 41 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.