Abstract
Through pot cultivation experiments of Trifolium repens L under Cu stress,we studied the effects of Alternaria tenuis Nees on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of two different populations of Trifolium repens L selected from a Cu-polluted area (marked as populationⅠ) and a non-polluted area (marked as population Ⅱ).The results showed that with Cu treatment, the infection of A. tenuis increased leaves' electric conductivity and MDA content of two populations with Cu concentrations from 0～1500mg·kg -1,while electric conductivity was lower and MDA content higher than that of population Ⅱwhen Cu concentration was 2000mg·kg -1.The infection also decreased chlorophyll and protein contents. In two inoculated populations, chlorophyll and protein contents declined with the increasing concentration,and chlorophyll content was negatively related to Cu concentration (correlation coefficients of populationⅠandⅡwere -0.954* and -0.961 **).When Cu concentration was low (0 and 500 mg·kg -1),the SOD activity in two populations of inoculated plants was higher than that of non-inoculated plants. But when Cu concentration was high the inoculated plants' SOD activity was lower than that of non-inoculated plants. Similarly, under low levels of Cu (500mg·kg -1) POD activity was higher of inoculated plants than that of non-inoculated plants. After the increase of Cu concentration POD activity declined rapidly and was lower than that of non-inoculated plants. Finally, CAT in two inoculated populations was higher than in non-inoculated ones from 0～1000mg·kg -1,but lower from 1500mg·kg -1 in populationⅠ,whereas in populationⅡit was lower at 2000mg·kg -1.The sensibilities of the protective enzyme also differed from each other according to the Cu stress.The order was PODSODCAT. The results also indicated that under the stress of a high Cu level(2000mg·kg -1), the decline of antioxidative enzyme acitivities broke the normal balance between production and elimination of acitive oxygen, resulting in the accumulation of excessive active oxygen which aggravated lipid peroxidation, thereby causing toxic effects on T. repens.And within the inoculation with A. tenuis,these toxic effects were more serious. Population Ⅰcould subsist within 2000mg·kg -1 Cu in soil, but when infected with A. tenuis the concentration should be less than 1500 mg·kg -1.In comparison, population Ⅱ could subsist within 1500mg·kg -1 Cu in soil but within 1000 mg·kg -1 under the stress of Cu together with A. tenuis.However,compared with population Ⅱ from the non-polluted area,the T. repens in population Ⅰ from the Cu-polluted area showed more resistance to the stress of Cu and A. tenuis.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
With Cu treatment, A. tenuis infection increased leaf electric conductivity and MDA content in both T. repens populations at Cu concentrations from 0 to 1500 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens L
Trifolium repenst0 - Treatment
- infection of A. tenuise0
- Interactor
- A. tenuis
.jpg?width=60)
Alternaria alternatae0pathogen - Outcome
- leaves' electric conductivity and MDA contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- Cu concentrations from 0～1500mg·kg -1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“the infection of A. tenuis increased leaves' electric conductivity and MDA content of two populations with Cu concentrations from 0～1500mg·kg -1”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2000 mg/kg Cu, electric conductivity was lower in the Cu-polluted-area population than in population II.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Outcome
- electric conductivitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- Cu concentration was 2000mg·kg -1e0
- Comparator
- population Ⅱe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“electric conductivity was lower and MDA content higher than that of population Ⅱwhen Cu concentration was 2000mg·kg -1”
Claim · model-written summary
At 2000 mg/kg Cu, MDA content was higher in the Cu-polluted-area population than in population II.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Cu concentration was 2000mg·kg -1e0
- Comparator
- population Ⅱe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“electric conductivity was lower and MDA content higher than that of population Ⅱwhen Cu concentration was 2000mg·kg -1”
Claim · model-written summary
A. tenuis infection decreased chlorophyll and protein contents in T. repens.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- infectione0
- Interactor
- A. tenuisAlternaria alternatae1pathogen
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and protein contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e1“the infection of A. tenuis”
e0“The infection also decreased chlorophyll and protein contents”
Claim · model-written summary
In the two inoculated populations, chlorophyll and protein contents declined as Cu concentration increased.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- increasing concentratione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and protein contentse0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- In two inoculated populationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“In two inoculated populations, chlorophyll and protein contents declined with the increasing concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of population I was negatively related to Cu concentration (correlation coefficient -0.954*).
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- populationⅠe0
- Treatment
- Cu concentratione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- negatively relatede0
- Value
- -0.954*e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“chlorophyll content was negatively related to Cu concentration (correlation coefficients of populationⅠandⅡwere -0.954* and -0.961 **)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content of population II was negatively related to Cu concentration (correlation coefficient -0.961**).
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- Ⅱe0
- Treatment
- Cu concentratione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- negatively relatede0
- Value
- -0.961 **e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“chlorophyll content was negatively related to Cu concentration (correlation coefficients of populationⅠandⅡwere -0.954* and -0.961 **)”
Claim · model-written summary
At low Cu (0 and 500 mg/kg), SOD activity was higher in inoculated plants of both populations than in non-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Cu concentration was low (0 and 500 mg·kg -1)e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“When Cu concentration was low (0 and 500 mg·kg -1),the SOD activity in two populations of inoculated plants was higher than that of non-inoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At high Cu, SOD activity of inoculated plants was lower than that of non-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse0
- Outcome
- SOD activitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- Cu concentration was highe0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“But when Cu concentration was high the inoculated plants' SOD activity was lower than that of non-inoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
At a low Cu level (500 mg/kg), POD activity was higher in inoculated plants than in non-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse0
- Outcome
- POD activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- low levels of Cu (500mg·kg -1)e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“under low levels of Cu (500mg·kg -1) POD activity was higher of inoculated plants than that of non-inoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
As Cu concentration increased, POD activity of inoculated plants declined rapidly and fell below that of non-inoculated plants.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inoculated plantse0
- Outcome
- POD activitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- After the increase of Cu concentratione0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“After the increase of Cu concentration POD activity declined rapidly and was lower than that of non-inoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
CAT activity in the two inoculated populations was higher than in non-inoculated ones at Cu from 0 to 1000 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- CATe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- from 0～1000mg·kg -1e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“CAT in two inoculated populations was higher than in non-inoculated ones from 0～1000mg·kg -1”
Claim · model-written summary
In population I, CAT activity of inoculated plants was lower than in non-inoculated plants from Cu 1500 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- populationⅠe0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- CATe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- from 1500mg·kg -1e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“CAT in two inoculated populations was higher than in non-inoculated ones from 0～1000mg·kg -1,but lower from 1500mg·kg -1 in populationⅠ”
Claim · model-written summary
In population II, CAT activity of inoculated plants was lower than in non-inoculated plants at Cu 2000 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- populationⅡe0
- Treatment
- inoculatede0
- Outcome
- CATe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- at 2000mg·kg -1e0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“CAT in two inoculated populations was higher than in non-inoculated ones from 0～1000mg·kg -1,but lower from 1500mg·kg -1 in populationⅠ,whereas in populationⅡit was lower at 2000mg·kg -1”
Claim · model-written summary
The protective enzymes differed in sensitivity to Cu stress, with the order given as POD, SOD, CAT (symbols lost in source).
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- Cu stresse0
- Outcome
- sensibilities of the protective enzymee0
- Value
- PODSODCATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“The sensibilities of the protective enzyme also differed from each other according to the Cu stress.The order was PODSODCAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Under high Cu (2000 mg/kg), declining antioxidative enzyme activities upset the balance of active oxygen production and elimination, causing excessive active oxygen, aggravated lipid peroxidation and toxic effects on T. repens.
- Taxon
- T. repensTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- high Cu level(2000mg·kg -1)e0
- Outcome
- toxic effectse0
- Qualifier
- decline of antioxidative enzyme acitivitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under the stress of a high Cu level(2000mg·kg -1), the decline of antioxidative enzyme acitivities broke the normal balance between production and elimination of acitive oxygen, resulting in the accumulation of excessive active oxygen which aggravated lipid peroxidation, thereby causing toxic effects on T. repens”
Claim · model-written summary
With inoculation with A. tenuis, the Cu toxic effects on T. repens were more serious.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Treatment
- inoculation with A. tenuise0
- Interactor
- A. tenuisAlternaria alternatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- toxic effectse0
- Direction
- more seriouse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“within the inoculation with A. tenuis,these toxic effects were more serious”
t0“Trifolium repens L”
Claim · model-written summary
Population I could subsist within 2000 mg/kg Cu in soil, but when infected with A. tenuis the Cu concentration should be below 1500 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- Population Ⅰe0
- Interactor
- A. tenuisAlternaria alternatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- subsiste0
- Value
- 2000mg·kg -1e0
- Qualifier
- when infected with A. tenuis the concentration should be less than 1500 mg·kg -1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“Population Ⅰcould subsist within 2000mg·kg -1 Cu in soil, but when infected with A. tenuis the concentration should be less than 1500 mg·kg -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Population II could subsist within 1500 mg/kg Cu in soil, but only within 1000 mg/kg under Cu stress together with A. tenuis.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- population Ⅱe0
- Interactor
- A. tenuisAlternaria alternatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- subsiste0
- Value
- 1500mg·kg -1e0
- Qualifier
- within 1000 mg·kg -1 under the stress of Cu together with A. tenuise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“population Ⅱ could subsist within 1500mg·kg -1 Cu in soil but within 1000 mg·kg -1 under the stress of Cu together with A. tenuis”
Claim · model-written summary
T. repens population I from the Cu-polluted area showed more resistance to Cu and A. tenuis stress than population II from the non-polluted area.
- Taxon
- Trifolium repens LTrifolium repenst0
- Material
- population Ⅰe0
- Interactor
- A. tenuisAlternaria alternatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance to the stress of Cu and A. tenuise0
- Direction
- more resistancee0
- Comparator
- population Ⅱe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Trifolium repens L”
e0“compared with population Ⅱ from the non-polluted area,the T. repens in population Ⅰ from the Cu-polluted area showed more resistance to the stress of Cu and A. tenuis”
The same questions in other papers
Alternaria alternata · physiology: oxidative · Trifolium repens (white clover)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
infection · physiology: oxidative · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
inoculation · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.