Abstract
Vacuum impregnation(VI)with nutritive material was used as a pretreatment of freezing apples(Royal Gala)for improving quality of frozen apple and introducing nutritive material into the fruits.Apple samples were immersed in diluted high fructose corn syrup(HFCS)(20% w/w or 50% w/w)integrated with either calcium gluconate(CG)or zinc lactate(ZL).Vacuum pressure of 6666Pa was applied for 15min,and then atmospheric pressure was restored for 30min while samples remained in the solution.Mineral content and physicochemical properties of the apples immediately after VI were determined.Results indicated that about 15% to 20% DRI(Daily Reference Intake)of calcium and above 40% zinc could be obtained in 200g of apples depending on the VI conditions.VI treatments in 20%(w/w)solutions had little effects on the physiochemical properties of VI apples.But 50%(w/w)solutions could partially remove moisture before freezing and reduce the drip loss 57% to 60% in frozen-thawed apple columns.It could also improve the texture of the apple after frozen and thawed.The VI pretreatment used 50% HFCS solution.Zinc lactate improved color stability of apples during the impregnation and freeze-thawing process.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Impregnated apples could provide about 15% to 20% DRI calcium per 200 g.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0 - Outcome
- calciume0
- Value
- 15% to 20% DRIe0
- Qualifier
- depending on the VI conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“about 15% to 20% DRI(Daily Reference Intake)of calcium and above 40% zinc could be obtained in 200g of apples depending on the VI conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Impregnated apples could provide above 40% DRI zinc per 200 g.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- zince0
- Value
- above 40%e0
- Qualifier
- depending on the VI conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“about 15% to 20% DRI(Daily Reference Intake)of calcium and above 40% zinc could be obtained in 200g of apples depending on the VI conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum impregnation in 20% solutions had little effect on apple physicochemical properties.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- VI treatments in 20%(w/w)solutionse0
- Outcome
- physiochemical propertiese0
- Direction
- little effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VI treatments in 20%(w/w)solutions had little effects on the physiochemical properties of VI apples”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% solution partially removed moisture before freezing.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae1
- Treatment
- 50%(w/w)solutionse0
- Outcome
- moisturee0
- Direction
- removee0
- Qualifier
- before freezinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“50%(w/w)solutions could partially remove moisture before freezing”
e1“about 15% to 20% DRI(Daily Reference Intake)of calcium and above 40% zinc could be obtained in 200g of apples depending on the VI conditions”
t0“apple(Royal Gala)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% solution reduced frozen-thawed apple drip loss by 57% to 60%.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Organ / stage
- apple columnse0
- Treatment
- 50%(w/w)solutionse0
- Outcome
- drip losse0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Value
- 57% to 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“50%(w/w)solutions could partially remove moisture before freezing and reduce the drip loss 57% to 60% in frozen-thawed apple columns”
Claim · model-written summary
The 50% solution improved apple texture after freezing and thawing.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- 50% HFCS solutione2
- Outcome
- texturee0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It could also improve the texture of the apple after frozen and thawed”
e1“It could also improve the texture of the apple after frozen and thawed”
e2“The VI pretreatment used 50% HFCS solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc lactate improved apple color stability during impregnation and freeze-thawing.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- Zinc lactatee0
- Outcome
- color stabilitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- during the impregnation and freeze-thawing processe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc lactate improved color stability of apples during the impregnation and freeze-thawing process”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.