Abstract
Taking one-year old sand-cultured Kyoho (Vitis vinifera x Vĩtis labrusca) grapevines as test materials, this paper studied the effects of spraying acetochlor on the grape leaves photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics and chloroplast ultra-structure. On the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly, so as the maximal photochemistry of PSII and the quantum yield of PSII electron transport. The relative variable fluorescence in the J step and K step of the chlorophyll fluorescence transients had an obvious increase, while the performance index (PI(ABS)) had a marked decrease. The damages to the PSII reaction center and oxygen-evolving complex of upper-node leaves were more severe, as compared to middle-node leaves, but the damage degree was alleviated along with treatment time. On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the differences in the photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters between upper- and middle-node leaves diminished. The responses of bottom-node leaves appeared later than those of the upper- and middle-node leaves. The damage of PSII reaction center and oxygen-evolving complex, the rise of relative variable fluorescence in the J step and K step, and the decline of PI(ABS) of bottom-node leaves were much greater than those of the upper- and middle-node leaves. On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the leaf sugar and starch contents increased, but the pigments in the upper- and middle-node leaves decreased significantly, the chloroplast membrane was impaired, the size of chloroplasts decreased, and the lamellae became fuzzy or the gap between lamellae increased. As a whole, acetochlor could be transmitted to the aboveground part of grapevine, and result in the damage of leaf photosynthetic apparatus and the decrease of PSII activity and photosynthetic rate.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
On day 13 after acetochlor spraying, net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node grape leaves decreased significantly.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Material
- Kyohoe0
- Organ / stage
- upper-node leavese1
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore1
- Outcome
- net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductancee1
- Direction
- decreased significantlye1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e0“Taking one-year old sand-cultured Kyoho”
e1“On the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly, so as the maximal photochemistry of PSII and the quantum yield of PSII electron transport”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 13 after acetochlor spraying, maximal photochemistry of PSII and quantum yield of PSII electron transport decreased significantly in upper-node grape leaves.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Material
- Kyohoe0
- Organ / stage
- upper-node leavese1
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore1
- Outcome
- maximal photochemistry of PSII and the quantum yield of PSII electron transporte1
- Direction
- decreased significantlye1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e0“Taking one-year old sand-cultured Kyoho”
e1“On the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly, so as the maximal photochemistry of PSII and the quantum yield of PSII electron transport”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor spraying gave an obvious increase in J-step and K-step relative variable fluorescence in grape leaves.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore1
- Outcome
- relative variable fluorescence in the J step and K stepe2
- Direction
- obvious increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e1“On the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly”
e2“The relative variable fluorescence in the J step and K step of the chlorophyll fluorescence transients had an obvious increase, while the performance index (PI(ABS)) had a marked decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor spraying gave a marked decrease in the performance index PI(ABS) of grape leaves.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore1
- Outcome
- performance index (PI(ABS))e2
- Direction
- marked decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e1“On the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly”
e2“The relative variable fluorescence in the J step and K step of the chlorophyll fluorescence transients had an obvious increase, while the performance index (PI(ABS)) had a marked decrease”
Claim · model-written summary
Damage to the PSII reaction center and oxygen-evolving complex was more severe in upper-node than middle-node grape leaves.
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e1“On the 13th day after spraying acetochlor, the net photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductance of upper-node leaves decreased significantly”
e3“The damages to the PSII reaction center and oxygen-evolving complex of upper-node leaves were more severe, as compared to middle-node leaves, but the damage degree was alleviated along with treatment time”
Claim · model-written summary
The damage degree in upper-node grape leaves was alleviated with treatment time.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e3“The damages to the PSII reaction center and oxygen-evolving complex of upper-node leaves were more severe, as compared to middle-node leaves, but the damage degree was alleviated along with treatment time”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 60 after acetochlor spraying, differences between upper- and middle-node grape leaves in photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters diminished.
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e4“On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the differences in the photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters between upper- and middle-node leaves diminished”
Claim · model-written summary
Bottom-node grape leaves responded later than upper- and middle-node leaves to acetochlor.
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e5“The responses of bottom-node leaves appeared later than those of the upper- and middle-node leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 60 after acetochlor spraying, leaf sugar and starch contents of grape increased.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore7
- Outcome
- leaf sugar and starch contentse7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e7“On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the leaf sugar and starch contents increased, but the pigments in the upper- and middle-node leaves decreased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 60 after acetochlor spraying, pigments in upper- and middle-node grape leaves decreased significantly.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Organ / stage
- upper- and middle-node leavese7
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore7
- Outcome
- pigmentse7
- Direction
- decreased significantlye7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e7“On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the leaf sugar and starch contents increased, but the pigments in the upper- and middle-node leaves decreased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 60 after acetochlor spraying, the chloroplast membrane of grape leaves was impaired.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Organ / stage
- chloroplastse7
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore7
- Outcome
- chloroplast membranee7
- Direction
- was impairede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e7“On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the leaf sugar and starch contents increased, but the pigments in the upper- and middle-node leaves decreased significantly, the chloroplast membrane was impaired, the size of chloroplasts decreased, and the lamellae became fuzzy or the gap between lamellae increased”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 60 after acetochlor spraying, grape chloroplast lamellae became fuzzy or the gaps between them increased.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Organ / stage
- chloroplastse7
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore7
- Outcome
- lamellaee7
- Direction
- became fuzzye7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e7“On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the leaf sugar and starch contents increased, but the pigments in the upper- and middle-node leaves decreased significantly, the chloroplast membrane was impaired, the size of chloroplasts decreased, and the lamellae became fuzzy or the gap between lamellae increased”
Claim · model-written summary
On day 60 after acetochlor spraying, the size of grape chloroplasts decreased.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Organ / stage
- chloroplastse7
- Treatment
- spraying acetochlore7
- Outcome
- the size of chloroplastse7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“grape leaves”
e7“On the 60th day after spraying acetochlor, the leaf sugar and starch contents increased, but the pigments in the upper- and middle-node leaves decreased significantly, the chloroplast membrane was impaired, the size of chloroplasts decreased, and the lamellae became fuzzy or the gap between lamellae increased”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetochlor could be transmitted to the aboveground part of grapevine.
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“As a whole, acetochlor could be transmitted to the aboveground part of grapevine, and result in the damage of leaf photosynthetic apparatus”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 46 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.