Abstract
The present experiments were conducted with an aim to obtain higher percentages of seedling emergence and establishment by sowing the germinated seeds than by direct sowing in the field. By this new method it is possible to lessen the labor needed for transplanting. A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds. The results obtained are summarized as follows : (1)When seeds were put on so as to direct the hilum to the valley parts of the filter paper folded up in V-shape, seed germination became considerably promoted. The highest germinability was obtained when water depth was maintained at about one-fourth of the seed height (seed width in practice) (Fig. 1). (2)Assuming the percentage of seedling establishment being 100% by transplanting the seedlings raised in paper pots, those of germinated seeds and of direct sowing were 92% and 73%, respectively (Fig. 3). (3)The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing germinated seeds dried out on the filter paper in the laboratory did not decrease conspicuously within about one week, but thereafter it decreased so rapidly. Those of the germinated seeds stored under refrigeration were higher than those of air-dried ones in the laboratory within the same period (Fig. 5). (4)The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing the germinated seeds submerged in water during 1, 2 and 3 days were 83%, 44% and 10%, respectively (Fig. 6). (5)More uniform seedlings can be obtained when shallow planted at the depth of 1-3 cm than 5-6 cm under field conditions (Fig. 7).
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Placing soybean seeds with the hilum directed to the valley of a V-folded filter paper promoted germination.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Material
- Enreie0
- Treatment
- direct the hilum to the valley parts of the filter paper folded up in V-shapee1
- Outcome
- seed germinatione1
- Direction
- promotede1
- Setting
- field nursery bedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e1“When seeds were put on so as to direct the hilum to the valley parts of the filter paper folded up in V-shape, seed germination became considerably promoted”
Claim · model-written summary
Germinability was highest when water depth was about one-fourth of the seed height.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Enreie0
- Treatment
- water depth was maintained at about one-fourth of the seed heighte2
- Outcome
- germinabilitye2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Setting
- field nursery bedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e2“The highest germinability was obtained when water depth was maintained at about one-fourth of the seed height (seed width in practice)”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment was 92% when germinated seeds were sown.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Enreie0
- Treatment
- germinated seedse3
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 92%e3
- Comparator
- direct sowinge3
- Setting
- field nursery bedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e3“Assuming the percentage of seedling establishment being 100% by transplanting the seedlings raised in paper pots, those of germinated seeds and of direct sowing were 92% and 73%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment was 73% when seeds were sown directly.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Enreie0
- Treatment
- direct sowinge3
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 73%e3
- Comparator
- germinated seedse3
- Setting
- field nursery bedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e3“Assuming the percentage of seedling establishment being 100% by transplanting the seedlings raised in paper pots, those of germinated seeds and of direct sowing were 92% and 73%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment from dried germinated seeds did not decrease noticeably within about one week.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- germinated seeds dried out on the filter paper in the laboratorye4
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente4
- Direction
- did not decrease conspicuouslye4
- Qualifier
- within about one weeke4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e4“The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing germinated seeds dried out on the filter paper in the laboratory did not decrease conspicuously within about one week”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment from dried germinated seeds decreased rapidly after about one week.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- germinated seeds dried out on the filter paper in the laboratorye4
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente4
- Direction
- decreased so rapidlye5
- Qualifier
- thereaftere5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e4“The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing germinated seeds dried out on the filter paper in the laboratory did not decrease conspicuously within about one week”
e5“but thereafter it decreased so rapidly”
Claim · model-written summary
Refrigerated germinated seeds had higher seedling establishment than air-dried seeds in the laboratory over the same period.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- germinated seeds stored under refrigeratione6
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente4
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- within the same periode6
- Comparator
- air-dried ones in the laboratorye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e4“The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing germinated seeds dried out on the filter paper in the laboratory did not decrease conspicuously within about one week”
e6“Those of the germinated seeds stored under refrigeration were higher than those of air-dried ones in the laboratory within the same period”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment was 83% after germinated seeds were submerged for 1 day.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- submerged in watere7
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente7
- Value
- 83%e7
- Qualifier
- during 1, 2 and 3 dayse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e7“The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing the germinated seeds submerged in water during 1, 2 and 3 days were 83%, 44% and 10%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment was 44% after germinated seeds were submerged for 2 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- submerged in watere7
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente7
- Value
- 44%e7
- Qualifier
- during 1, 2 and 3 dayse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e7“The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing the germinated seeds submerged in water during 1, 2 and 3 days were 83%, 44% and 10%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling establishment was 10% after germinated seeds were submerged for 3 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- submerged in watere7
- Outcome
- seedling establishmente7
- Value
- 10%e7
- Qualifier
- during 1, 2 and 3 dayse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e7“The percentages of seedling establishment by sowing the germinated seeds submerged in water during 1, 2 and 3 days were 83%, 44% and 10%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings were more uniform when planted shallowly at 1-3 cm than at 5-6 cm under field conditions.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- shallow planted at the depth of 1-3 cme1
- Outcome
- uniform seedlingse1
- Direction
- More uniforme1
- Comparator
- 5-6 cme1
- Setting
- field conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A series of experiments with soybean (Glycine max cultivar. Enrei) were carried out on the field nursery beds”
e1“More uniform seedlings can be obtained when shallow planted at the depth of 1-3 cm than 5-6 cm under field conditions”
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See all 51 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.