Abstract
Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie). Also, sprays of acephate and Dipel alone or with chlordimeform hydrochloride appeared promising. A bait that contained CSM + ¼ lb AI/acre of methomyl was as effective as a bait that contained CSM + 1 lb AI/acre of methomyl or a spray that contained 1 lb AI/acre of methomyl. Carharyl spray alone was significantly less effective than DDT spray in 1970 and methomyl spray in 1971. Sprays of resmethrin, chlordimeform hydrochloride, and chlordimeform, and a bait containing CSM + resmethrin failed to protect the fruit effectively. The nuclear polyhedrosis virus of H. zea (Biotrol® VHZ) was more effective as a spray than in a bait; however, neither treatment gave satisfactory control.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Leptophos spray was as effective as a conventional DDT spray for control of Heliothis zea.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- leptophose0
- Interactor
- Heliothis zea
.jpg?width=60)
Helicoverpa zeae0pest - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- a conventional spray of DDTe0
- Setting
- South Carolinat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
Claim · model-written summary
Methomyl spray was as effective as a conventional DDT spray for control of Heliothis zea.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- methomyle0
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- a conventional spray of DDTe0
- Setting
- South Carolinat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl plus a Bacillus thuringiensis formulation (Dipel) spray was as effective as a conventional DDT spray for control of Heliothis zea.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®)e0
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- a conventional spray of DDTe0
- Setting
- South Carolinat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
Claim · model-written summary
CSM plus methomyl bait was as effective as a conventional DDT spray for control of Heliothis zea.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CSM + methomyle0
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- a conventional spray of DDTe0
- Setting
- South Carolinat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
Claim · model-written summary
CSM plus carbaryl plus Dipel bait was as effective as a conventional DDT spray for control of Heliothis zea.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CSM + carbaryl + Dipele0
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- as effective ase0
- Comparator
- a conventional spray of DDTe0
- Setting
- South Carolinat0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acephate and Dipel sprays appeared promising for Heliothis zea control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- acephate and Dipele1
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Direction
- appeared promisinge1
Not reportedComparatorOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
e1“sprays of acephate and Dipel alone or with chlordimeform hydrochloride appeared promising”
Claim · model-written summary
CSM plus 1/4 lb AI/acre methomyl bait was as effective as CSM plus 1 lb AI/acre methomyl bait for control of Heliothis zea.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CSM + ¼ lb AI/acre of methomyle2
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- was as effective ase2
- Comparator
- a bait that contained CSM + 1 lb AI/acre of methomyle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
e2“A bait that contained CSM + ¼ lb AI/acre of methomyl was as effective as a bait that contained CSM + 1 lb AI/acre of methomyl or a spray that contained 1 lb AI/acre of methomyl”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl spray alone was significantly less effective than DDT spray for control of Heliothis zea in 1970.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Carharyl spray alonee3
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- significantly less effectivee3
- Qualifier
- in 1970e3
- Comparator
- DDT spraye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
e3“Carharyl spray alone was significantly less effective than DDT spray in 1970 and methomyl spray in 1971”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbaryl spray alone was significantly less effective than methomyl spray for control of Heliothis zea in 1971.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Carharyl spray alonee3
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- significantly less effectivee3
- Qualifier
- in 1971e3
- Comparator
- methomyl spraye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
e3“Carharyl spray alone was significantly less effective than DDT spray in 1970 and methomyl spray in 1971”
Claim · model-written summary
Resmethrin, chlordimeform hydrochloride and chlordimeform sprays failed to protect tomato fruit effectively.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- resmethrin, chlordimeform hydrochloride, and chlordimeforme4
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- protect the fruite4
- Direction
- failed to protecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
e4“Sprays of resmethrin, chlordimeform hydrochloride, and chlordimeform, and a bait containing CSM + resmethrin failed to protect the fruit effectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CSM plus resmethrin bait failed to protect tomato fruit effectively.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- CSM + resmethrine4
- Interactor
- Heliothis zeaHelicoverpa zeae0pest
- Outcome
- protect the fruite4
- Direction
- failed to protecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e0“Sprays of leptophos, methomyl, and carbaryl + a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti Berliner (Dipel®) and baits containing CSM + methomyl and CSM + carbaryl + Dipel were as effective as a conventional spray of DDT for control of Heliothis zea (Boddie)”
e4“Sprays of resmethrin, chlordimeform hydrochloride, and chlordimeform, and a bait containing CSM + resmethrin failed to protect the fruit effectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Biotrol VHZ) was more effective as a spray than in a bait against Heliothis zea on tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Biotrol® VHZe5
- Interactor
- H. zeaHelicoverpa zeae5pest
- Second interactor
- nuclear polyhedrosis virusunidentified nuclear polyhedrosis virusese5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- controle5
- Direction
- more effectivee5
- Comparator
- a baite5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e5“The nuclear polyhedrosis virus of H. zea (Biotrol® VHZ) was more effective as a spray than in a bait; however, neither treatment gave satisfactory control”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither nuclear polyhedrosis virus treatment (spray or bait) gave satisfactory control of Heliothis zea on tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Biotrol® VHZe5
- Interactor
- H. zeaHelicoverpa zeae5pest
- Second interactor
- nuclear polyhedrosis virusunidentified nuclear polyhedrosis virusese5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- satisfactory controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Fruitworm: Control in South Carolina”
e5“The nuclear polyhedrosis virus of H. zea (Biotrol® VHZ) was more effective as a spray than in a bait; however, neither treatment gave satisfactory control”
The same questions in other papers
carbaryl · Helicoverpa zea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · Helicoverpa zea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.