Abstract
Submergence of rice in water at low CO2 concentrations was studied in phytotron experiments using plants in the 3rd to 4th leaf stage. Cultivars known to differ in tolerance to complete submergence were adversely affected by the same mechanisms but to a different degree. Submergence for 4-12 days either reduced dry weight production of the whole plant by 6 to 10 fold or even resulted in a loss of dry weight. Nevertheless, the emerging leaf elongated, and both ethanol insoluble material and protein content increased with time. These increases were associated with translocation of dry matter and nitrogen from expanded to expanding leaves. Submergence also reduced concentrations of soluble sugars and starch in all plant parts by 4 to 12 fold. In contrast, concentrations of potassium and free amino acids in shoots were either the same or, in the case of the emerging leaf, higher than in plants which were not submerged. These results indicate (i) these solutes were not limiting growth and (ii) the tissues retained their semipermeability to these solutes during submergence. Insufficient capacity of root metabolism in submerged plants was indicated by low rates of respiration, which persisted in the presence of glucose, and by a low ability to consume ethanol. A model is presented on the adverse effects of submergence of rice which considers possible interactions between CO2, low O2 and high ethylene concentrations.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars differed in degree of adverse response to submergence despite similar mechanisms.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Cultivarse0
- Outcome
- tolerance to complete submergencee0
- Direction
- different degreee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cultivars known to differ in tolerance to complete submergence were adversely affected by the same mechanisms but to a different degree.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence for 4–12 days reduced whole-plant dry weight production six- to tenfold or caused dry-weight loss.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Submergence for 4-12 dayse0
- Outcome
- dry weight production of the whole plante0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 6 to 10 folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Submergence for 4-12 days either reduced dry weight production of the whole plant by 6 to 10 fold or even resulted in a loss of dry weight.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The emerging leaf elongated during submergence.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- emerging leafe0
- Outcome
- emerging leaf elongatede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nevertheless, the emerging leaf elongated, and both ethanol insoluble material and protein content increased with time.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanol insoluble material and protein content increased over time during submergence.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- ethanol insoluble material and protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nevertheless, the emerging leaf elongated, and both ethanol insoluble material and protein content increased with time.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increases in emerging-leaf components were associated with dry matter and nitrogen moving from expanded to expanding leaves.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- expanded to expanding leavese0
- Outcome
- translocation of dry matter and nitrogene0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These increases were associated with translocation of dry matter and nitrogen from expanded to expanding leaves.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Submergence reduced soluble sugars and starch in all plant parts four- to twelvefold.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Submergencee0
- Outcome
- concentrations of soluble sugars and starche0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 4 to 12 folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Submergence also reduced concentrations of soluble sugars and starch in all plant parts by 4 to 12 fold.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot potassium and free amino acid concentrations were unchanged or higher in emerging leaves than in non-submerged plants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- concentrations of potassium and free amino acids in shootse0
- Direction
- either the same or, in the case of the emerging leaf, highere0
- Comparator
- plants which were not submergede0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concentrations of potassium and free amino acids in shoots were either the same or, in the case of the emerging leaf, higher than in plants which were not submerged.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The solutes were judged not to limit growth during submergence.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- not limiting growthe0
- Qualifier
- these solutese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these solutes were not limiting growth”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Submerged tissues were judged to retain semipermeability to the solutes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- retained their semipermeabilitye0
- Qualifier
- during submergencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tissues retained their semipermeability to these solutes during submergence”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Submerged roots showed low respiration even with glucose.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- rates of respiratione0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Qualifier
- presence of glucosee0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low rates of respiration, which persisted in the presence of glucose”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Submerged roots had low capacity to consume ethanol.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- ability to consume ethanole0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a low ability to consume ethanol”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Low root metabolic capacity was inferred in submerged plants.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- Insufficient capacity of root metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insufficient capacity of root metabolism in submerged plants was indicated by low rates of respiration, which persisted in the presence of glucose, and by a low ability to consume ethanol.”
t0“Rice”
The same questions in other papers
flooding · physiology: osmolytes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →flooding · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
92 papers in the same direction as this paper · 193 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
282 papers more in this group
See all 286 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.