Abstract
This paper presents the results of four experiments.The first experiment was conducted from 1992 to 1995 on Huay Pong soil series in Rayong province, and studied the effect of land preparation on the cassava yields of Rayong 90 and Rayong 5, comparing various methods.The results indicate that the best land preparation for Rayong 90 was two times plowing using a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow, which gave a yield of 20 t/ha, whereas the use of a 7-disk plow or a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow gave the highest yield of Rayong 5.The second experiment studied the interaction between land preparation and the incorporation of soil amendments and was conducted in 1999/00 at Rayong Field Crops Research Center.The trial had a split plot design with various land preparation treatments in main plots and soil amendments in sub-plots.The results indicate that land preparation of two times plowing using a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow produced the highest cassava root yield of 36.9 t/ha.The third experiment is the comparison between no-tillage and conventional tillage, combined with three levels of N (0, 50, 100 kg N/ha) and the effect on the fresh root yield of cassava (cv.Rayong 72).The field trial has been conducted since 2000 on Satuk soil series (fine loamy, siliceous, Oxic Paleustult).Under no-tillage the soil's physical properties were improved compared to conventional tillage.The soil's structural parameters, such as soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity, increased in the no-tillage plot, while soil bulk density decreased compared to conventional tillage.During the first year of the experiment higher yields of fresh cassava roots were obtained in the no-tillage plot.But, in the second year, the two tillage systems had no significant effect on fresh root yield.With respect to N application, yields increased as the N supply increased, but the effect was not statistically significant.The fourth experiment studied the effect on cassava yields of several land preparation methods, from zero tillage to complete tillage (traditional practice in Thailand).The trials were conducted in 2001/02 and were located in three sites, i.e.Khaw Hin Sorn, Rayong and TTDI.Results indicate that on average the use of a 3-disk plow followed by a 7-disk plow and either contour or up-and-down ridging resulted in the highest yields compared to other treatments.This is probably because the ridging may have helped in the early control of weeds.The soil's physical properties had probably not yet improved as the data represented only the first year results.With respect to varieties, at the Rayong site, cassava yields decreased in the following order: Rayong 5>KU 50>Rayong 72>Rayong 90, whereas at the TTDI site Rayong 90 produced the highest and KU 50 the lowest yields; there were no significant differences among varieties in Khao Hin Sorn.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Two plowings (3-disk plow then 7-disk plow) gave the best cassava yield of 20 t/ha for Rayong 90 among the land preparation methods compared.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentat0 - Material
- Rayong 90e1
- Treatment
- two times plowing using a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plowe1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- beste1
- Value
- 20 t/hae1
- Comparator
- various methodse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e1“the best land preparation for Rayong 90 was two times plowing using a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow, which gave a yield of 20 t/ha”
e2“comparing various methods”
Claim · model-written summary
A 7-disk plow gave the highest cassava yield of Rayong 5 among the land preparation methods compared.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- Rayong 5e3
- Treatment
- 7-disk plowe3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Comparator
- various methodse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e3“the use of a 7-disk plow or a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow gave the highest yield of Rayong 5”
e2“comparing various methods”
Claim · model-written summary
A 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow gave the highest cassava yield of Rayong 5 among the land preparation methods compared.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- Rayong 5e3
- Treatment
- 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plowe3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Comparator
- various methodse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e3“the use of a 7-disk plow or a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow gave the highest yield of Rayong 5”
e2“comparing various methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Two plowings (3-disk plow then 7-disk plow) produced the highest cassava root yield of 36.9 t/ha in the second experiment.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- two times plowing using a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plowe4
- Outcome
- cassava root yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 36.9 t/hae4
- Comparator
- various land preparation treatmentse5
- Setting
- Rayong Field Crops Research Centere6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e4“land preparation of two times plowing using a 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow produced the highest cassava root yield of 36.9 t/ha”
e5“with various land preparation treatments in main plots”
e6“was conducted in 1999/00 at Rayong Field Crops Research Center”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage improved the soil physical properties compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee7
- Outcome
- soil's physical propertiese7
- Direction
- improvede7
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e7“Under no-tillage the soil's physical properties were improved compared to conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage increased soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“The soil's structural parameters, such as soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity, increased in the no-tillage plot”
e7“Under no-tillage the soil's physical properties were improved compared to conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage decreased soil bulk density compared with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee7
- Outcome
- soil bulk densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“while soil bulk density decreased compared to conventional tillage”
e7“Under no-tillage the soil's physical properties were improved compared to conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage gave higher yields of fresh cassava roots than conventional tillage in the first year of the experiment.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- no-tillagee0
- Outcome
- yields of fresh cassava rootse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- During the first year of the experimente0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“During the first year of the experiment higher yields of fresh cassava roots were obtained in the no-tillage plot”
e7“Under no-tillage the soil's physical properties were improved compared to conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second year the two tillage systems had no significant effect on fresh cassava root yield.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- two tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- fresh root yielde0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
- Qualifier
- in the second yeare0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“But, in the second year, the two tillage systems had no significant effect on fresh root yield”
e7“Under no-tillage the soil's physical properties were improved compared to conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
Cassava yields increased as nitrogen supply increased, but the effect was not statistically significant.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- N supplye0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“yields increased as the N supply increased, but the effect was not statistically significant”
Claim · model-written summary
A 3-disk plow followed by 7-disk plow with contour or up-and-down ridging gave the highest cassava yields on average compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- a 3-disk plow followed by a 7-disk plow and either contour or up-and-down ridginge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- on averagee0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“on average the use of a 3-disk plow followed by a 7-disk plow and either contour or up-and-down ridging resulted in the highest yields compared to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Ridging probably gave the highest cassava yields by helping the early control of weeds.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- ridginge0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- early control of weedse0
- Qualifier
- probablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“This is probably because the ridging may have helped in the early control of weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
At the Rayong site cassava yields decreased in the order Rayong 5, KU 50, Rayong 72 and Rayong 90.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- Rayong 5>KU 50>Rayong 72>Rayong 90e0
- Outcome
- cassava yieldse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- Rayong sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“at the Rayong site, cassava yields decreased in the following order: Rayong 5>KU 50>Rayong 72>Rayong 90”
Claim · model-written summary
At the TTDI site Rayong 90 gave the highest cassava yields.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- Rayong 90e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- TTDI sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“at the TTDI site Rayong 90 produced the highest and KU 50 the lowest yields”
Claim · model-written summary
At the TTDI site KU 50 gave the lowest cassava yields.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“at the TTDI site Rayong 90 produced the highest and KU 50 the lowest yields”
Claim · model-written summary
At Khao Hin Sorn there were no significant differences in cassava yield among varieties.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Material
- varietiese0
- Outcome
- differences among varietiese0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Setting
- Khao Hin Sorne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Minimum tillage for cassava”
e0“there were no significant differences among varieties in Khao Hin Sorn”
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