Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1997-98 and 1998-99, to study economics of tillage and weed-management system for wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.] after lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.). Tillage practices significantly reduced the moisture content and bulk density of the soil than zero- tillage. Farmer's practice recorded the lowest moisture content in the soil, whereas minimum bulk density of the soil was associated with rotavator twice. Rotavator twice significantly reduced the weed population and weed dry biomass than farmer's practice and zero tillage and recorded significantly higher values for yield attributes and grain and straw yields. Rotavator twice also recorded significantly higher net returns than farmer's practice and zero tillage. Farmer's practice recorded significantly lower benefit : cost ratio than rotavator once or twice. Higher values for yield attributes and grain and straw yields were recorded in hand-weeded plot which were at par with mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon but significantly higher than 2,4-D or isoproturon applied alone. Net returns with hand-weeding and 2,4-D + isoproturon were at par, while the later recorded significantly higher benefit :cost ratio than hand-weeding.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage reduced soil moisture and bulk density versus zero tillage.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Tillage practicese0
- Outcome
- moisture content and bulk density of the soile0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- zero- tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tillage practices significantly reduced the moisture content and bulk density of the soil than zero- tillage”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer practice had the lowest soil moisture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Farmer's practicee0
- Outcome
- moisture content in the soile0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Farmer's practice recorded the lowest moisture content in the soil”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotavator twice had minimum soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- rotavator twicee0
- Outcome
- bulk density of the soile0
- Direction
- minimume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum bulk density of the soil was associated with rotavator twice”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotavator twice reduced weed population and weed biomass versus farmer practice and zero tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Rotavator twicee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed population and weed dry biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- farmer's practice and zero tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotavator twice significantly reduced the weed population and weed dry biomass than farmer's practice and zero tillage”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotavator twice raised yield attributes and grain and straw yields versus farmer practice and zero tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Rotavator twicee0
- Outcome
- yield attributes and grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- farmer's practice and zero tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotavator twice significantly reduced the weed population and weed dry biomass than farmer's practice and zero tillage and recorded significantly higher values for yield attributes and grain and straw yields”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotavator twice increased net returns versus farmer practice and zero tillage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Rotavator twicee0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- farmer's practice and zero tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rotavator twice also recorded significantly higher net returns than farmer's practice and zero tillage”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer practice had lower benefit-cost ratio than rotavator once or twice.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Farmer's practicee0
- Outcome
- benefit : cost ratioe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- rotavator once or twicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Farmer's practice recorded significantly lower benefit : cost ratio than rotavator once or twice”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding raised wheat yield attributes and grain and straw yields versus single herbicides, matching the herbicide mixture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hand-weeded plote0
- Outcome
- yield attributes and grain and straw yieldse0
- Direction
- Highere0
- Comparator
- 2,4-D or isoproturon applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher values for yield attributes and grain and straw yields were recorded in hand-weeded plot which were at par with mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon but significantly higher than 2,4-D or isoproturon applied alone”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding and the herbicide mixture gave comparable net returns.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hand-weedinge0
- Outcome
- Net returnse0
- Direction
- at pare0
- Comparator
- 2,4-D + isoproturone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Net returns with hand-weeding and 2,4-D + isoproturon were at par”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
The herbicide mixture had a higher benefit-cost ratio than hand weeding.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D + isoproturone1
- Outcome
- benefit :cost ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- hand-weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the later recorded significantly higher benefit :cost ratio than hand-weeding”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
e1“mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon”
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See all 563 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.