Abstract
Being a salt sensitive crop, rice growth and development are frequently affected by soil salinity. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recently explored as an important priming agent regulating diverse physiological processes of plant growth and development. Despite its enormous prospects in plant systems, the role of H2S in plant stress tolerance is still elusive. Here, a combined pharmacological, physiological and biochemical approach was executed aiming to examine the possible mechanism of H2S in enhancement of rice salt stress tolerance. We showed that pretreating rice plants with H2S donor sodium bisulfide (NaHS) clearly improved, but application of H2S scavenger hypotaurine with NaHS decreased growth and biomass-related parameters under salt stress. NaHS-pretreated salt-stressed plants exhibited increased chlorophyll, carotenoid and soluble protein contents, as well as suppressed accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to oxidative damage protection. The protective mechanism of H2S against oxidative stress was correlated with the elevated levels of ascorbic acid, glutathione, redox states, and the enhanced activities of ROS- and methylglyoxal-detoxifying enzymes. Notably, the ability to decrease the uptake of Na(+) and the Na(+)/K(+) ratio, as well as to balance mineral contents indicated a role of H2S in ion homeostasis under salt stress. Altogether, our results highlight that modulation of the level of endogenous H2S genetically or exogenously could be employed to attain better growth and development of rice, and perhaps other crops, under salt stress. Furthermore, our study reveals the importance of the implication of gasotransmitters like H2S for the management of salt stress, thus assisting rice plants to adapt to adverse environmental changes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS pretreatment improved rice growth and biomass under salt stress.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- H2S donor sodium bisulfide (NaHS)e0
- Outcome
- growth and biomass-related parameterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreating rice plants with H2S donor sodium bisulfide (NaHS) clearly improved, but application of H2S scavenger hypotaurine with NaHS decreased growth and biomass-related parameters under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypotaurine with NaHS decreased rice growth and biomass under salt stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- H2S scavenger hypotaurine with NaHSe0
- Outcome
- growth and biomass-related parameterse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of H2S scavenger hypotaurine with NaHS decreased growth and biomass-related parameters under salt stress”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS increased chlorophyll, carotenoid and soluble protein in salt stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NaHS-pretreatede0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, carotenoid and soluble protein contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaHS-pretreated salt-stressed plants exhibited increased chlorophyll, carotenoid and soluble protein contents”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
NaHS suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation in salt stressed rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- NaHS-pretreatede0
- Outcome
- accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)e0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaHS-pretreated salt-stressed plants exhibited increased chlorophyll, carotenoid and soluble protein contents, as well as suppressed accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
H2S protection correlated with higher ascorbic acid, glutathione and redox states.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- ascorbic acid, glutathionee0
- Outcome
- protective mechanism of H2S against oxidative stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protective mechanism of H2S against oxidative stress was correlated with the elevated levels of ascorbic acid, glutathione, redox states”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
H2S protection correlated with stronger ROS and methylglyoxal detoxifying enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- ROS- and methylglyoxal-detoxifying enzymese0
- Outcome
- protective mechanism of H2S against oxidative stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protective mechanism of H2S against oxidative stress was correlated with the elevated levels of ascorbic acid, glutathione, redox states, and the enhanced activities of ROS- and methylglyoxal-detoxifying enzymes”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
H2S decreased sodium uptake and the sodium to potassium ratio under salt stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- H2Se0
- Outcome
- uptake of Na(+) and the Na(+)/K(+) ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ability to decrease the uptake of Na(+) and the Na(+)/K(+) ratio, as well as to balance mineral contents indicated a role of H2S in ion homeostasis under salt stress”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
H2S balanced mineral contents under salt stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- H2Se0
- Outcome
- mineral contentse0
- Direction
- balancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“balance mineral contents indicated a role of H2S in ion homeostasis under salt stress”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose altering endogenous or applied H2S for rice growth under salinity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- better growth and development of ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“modulation of the level of endogenous H2S genetically or exogenously could be employed to attain better growth and development of rice, and perhaps other crops, under salt stress”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.