Abstract
Plant-insect interactions are strongly modified by environmental factors. This study evaluates the influence of nitrogen fertilisation on the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara and the leafminer (Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Greenhouse-grown tomato plants were fed hydroponically on a complete nutrient solution containing either a high nitrogen concentration (HN) sustaining maximum growth or a low nitrogen concentration (LN) limiting plant growth. Insect-free plants were compared with plants attacked by T. absoluta. Seven and 14 days after artificial oviposition leading to efficacious hatching and larvae development, we measured total carbon, nitrogen and soluble protein as well as defence compounds (phenolics, glycoalkaloids, polyphenol oxidase activity) in the HN versus LN plants. Only in the HN treatment did T. absoluta infestation slightly impair leaf growth and induce polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in the foliage. Neither the concentration of phenolic compounds and proteins nor the distribution of nitrogen within the plant was affected by T. absoluta infestation. In contrast, LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta-induced PPO activity. It decreased protein and total nitrogen concentration of plant organs and enhanced the accumulation of constitutive phenolics and tomatine. Moreover, LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta development by notably decreasing pupal weight and lengthening the development period from egg to adult. Adjusting the level of nitrogen nutrition may thus be a means of altering the life cycle of T. absoluta. This study provides a comprehensive dataset concerning interrelated responses of tomato plants and T. absoluta to nitrogen nutrition.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Tuta absoluta infestation slightly impaired tomato leaf growth only under high nitrogen (HN) nutrition.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume2 - Treatment
- T. absoluta infestatione1
- Interactor
- T. absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae1pest - Outcome
- leaf growthe1
- Direction
- impaire1
- Qualifier
- Only in the HN treatmente1
- Comparator
- Insect-free plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Only in the HN treatment did T. absoluta infestation slightly impair leaf growth and induce polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in the foliage”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e3“Insect-free plants were compared with plants attacked by T. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuta absoluta infestation induced polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in tomato foliage only under high nitrogen (HN) nutrition.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Organ / stage
- foliagee1
- Treatment
- T. absoluta infestatione1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activitye1
- Direction
- inducee1
- Qualifier
- Only in the HN treatmente1
- Comparator
- Insect-free plantse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Only in the HN treatment did T. absoluta infestation slightly impair leaf growth and induce polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in the foliage”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e3“Insect-free plants were compared with plants attacked by T. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Tuta absoluta infestation did not affect the concentration of phenolic compounds and proteins or the distribution of nitrogen within tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- T. absoluta infestatione4
- Outcome
- concentration of phenolic compounds and proteinse4
- Qualifier
- distribution of nitrogen within the plante4
- Comparator
- Insect-free plantse3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Neither the concentration of phenolic compounds and proteins nor the distribution of nitrogen within the plant was affected by T. absoluta infestation”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e3“Insect-free plants were compared with plants attacked by T. absoluta”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen nutrition impaired the PPO activity induced by Tuta absoluta in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- LN nutritione5
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae5pest
- Outcome
- PPO activitye5
- Direction
- impairede5
- Comparator
- high nitrogen concentration (HN)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“In contrast, LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta-induced PPO activity”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e6“containing either a high nitrogen concentration (HN) sustaining maximum growth or a low nitrogen concentration (LN) limiting plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen nutrition decreased the protein and total nitrogen concentration of tomato plant organs.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Organ / stage
- plant organse6
- Treatment
- LN nutritione5
- Outcome
- protein and total nitrogen concentratione6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Comparator
- high nitrogen concentration (HN)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“It decreased protein and total nitrogen concentration of plant organs”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e5“In contrast, LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta-induced PPO activity”
e7“containing either a high nitrogen concentration (HN) sustaining maximum growth or a low nitrogen concentration (LN) limiting plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen nutrition enhanced the accumulation of constitutive phenolics and tomatine in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- LN nutritione5
- Outcome
- accumulation of constitutive phenolics and tomatinee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- high nitrogen concentration (HN)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced the accumulation of constitutive phenolics and tomatine”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e5“In contrast, LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta-induced PPO activity”
e7“containing either a high nitrogen concentration (HN) sustaining maximum growth or a low nitrogen concentration (LN) limiting plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen nutrition decreased the pupal weight of Tuta absoluta fed on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- LN nutritione0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- pupal weighte0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Comparator
- high nitrogen concentration (HN)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta development by notably decreasing pupal weight and lengthening the development period from egg to adult”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e7“containing either a high nitrogen concentration (HN) sustaining maximum growth or a low nitrogen concentration (LN) limiting plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen nutrition lengthened the development period of Tuta absoluta from egg to adult.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- LN nutritione0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- development period from egg to adulte0
- Direction
- lengtheninge0
- Comparator
- high nitrogen concentration (HN)e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LN nutrition impaired T. absoluta development by notably decreasing pupal weight and lengthening the development period from egg to adult”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
e7“containing either a high nitrogen concentration (HN) sustaining maximum growth or a low nitrogen concentration (LN) limiting plant growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Adjusting nitrogen nutrition may be a means of altering the life cycle of Tuta absoluta on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- Adjusting the level of nitrogen nutritione0
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- altering the life cycle of T. absolutae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adjusting the level of nitrogen nutrition may thus be a means of altering the life cycle of T. absoluta”
e2“the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Santa clara”
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See all 59 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.