Abstract
To compare allelopathic effects of sorghum plant pa rts water extract (WE) with hand weeding and herbicide on suppression of weeds in wheat and wheat yield under rain fed condi tions, an experiment was conducted at the research farm, University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi during Rabi 2001-02.Treatments used were: Control (un-weeded check), hand weeding 60 DAS, herbicide spray (Logron) @ 250 g ha -1 60 DAS, sorghum root WE spray @ 5 L ha -1 , sorghum stem WE spray @ 5 L ha -1 , sorghum leaf WE spray @ 5 L ha -1 , sorghum stem + root WE spray @ 5 L ha -1 , sorghum stem + leaf WE spray @ 5 L ha -1 , sorghum root + leaf WE spray @ 5 L ha -1 60 and 80 DAS. Among separate spray of sorghum roots, stem and leaf WE, root WE was found to be the most effective treatment and reduced weed densi ty by 20.7 and 22.23%, weeds fresh weight by 19.97 and 22.97% and weeds dry weight by 15.7 and 21.37% compared to control recorded at 80 and 105 DAS, respectively. Among combination of sorghum plant parts WE , stem + root WE had greater influen ce than stem + leaf or root + leaf treatments and d ecreased weed density by 23.42 and 33.42%, weeds fresh weight by 25.64 and 33.78% and weeds dry weight by 21.7 and 33.70% compared to control measured at 80 and 105 DAS, respectively. Hand weeding caused reduction of 46.19 and 41.09% in weed density, 46.34 and 41.5% in fresh weight, 44.98 and 37.59% in dry weight over control and herbicide caused reduction of 7 7.08 and 72.11% in weed density, 78.59 and 70.7% in fresh weight, 74.59 and 67.51% in dry weight compared to control recorded at 80 and 105 DAS, respectively. Sorghum plant parts WE spray signific antly reduced plant population, fresh and dry weigh t Anagalis arvensis L.(Pimpernel), Chenopodium album L. (Lambs quarter), Fumaria indica L. (Fumitory). All sorghum plant parts WE treatments suppressed plant height. Longer spikes, more grain spike -1 and heavier grain were found in stem + root WE trea tment. Separate spray of root WE increased wheat yield by 12 % compared to control. An increase of about 20% over cont rol was recorded in stem + root or stem + leaf treatment which was stat istically at par with hand weeding. Logron applicat ion resulted in 25.52% yield increase over control.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum root water extract reduced weed density by 20.7 and 22.23% at 80 and 105 DAS versus control.
- Taxon
- WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- root WEe0
- Outcome
- weed densi tye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 20.7 and 22.23%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“root WE was found to be the most effective treatment and reduced weed densi ty by 20.7 and 22.23%”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum root water extract reduced weeds fresh weight by 19.97 and 22.97%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- root WEe0
- Outcome
- weeds fresh weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 19.97 and 22.97%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“root WE was found to be the most effective treatment and reduced weed densi ty by 20.7 and 22.23%, weeds fresh weight by 19.97 and 22.97%”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum root water extract reduced weeds dry weight by 15.7 and 21.37%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- root WEe0
- Outcome
- weeds dry weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 15.7 and 21.37%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“root WE was found to be the most effective treatment and reduced weed densi ty by 20.7 and 22.23%, weeds fresh weight by 19.97 and 22.97% and weeds dry weight by 15.7 and 21.37% compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem plus root water extract decreased weed density by 23.42 and 33.42%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stem + root WEe0
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- d ecreasede0
- Value
- 23.42 and 33.42%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“stem + root WE had greater influen ce than stem + leaf or root + leaf treatments and d ecreased weed density by 23.42 and 33.42%”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem plus root water extract decreased weeds fresh weight by 25.64 and 33.78%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stem + root WEe0
- Outcome
- weeds fresh weighte0
- Direction
- d ecreasede0
- Value
- 25.64 and 33.78%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“stem + root WE had greater influen ce than stem + leaf or root + leaf treatments and d ecreased weed density by 23.42 and 33.42%, weeds fresh weight by 25.64 and 33.78%”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem plus root water extract decreased weeds dry weight by 21.7 and 33.70%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stem + root WEe0
- Outcome
- weeds dry weighte0
- Direction
- d ecreasede0
- Value
- 21.7 and 33.70%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“stem + root WE had greater influen ce than stem + leaf or root + leaf treatments and d ecreased weed density by 23.42 and 33.42%, weeds fresh weight by 25.64 and 33.78% and weeds dry weight by 21.7 and 33.70% compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed density by 46.19 and 41.09%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge0
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 46.19 and 41.09%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Hand weeding caused reduction of 46.19 and 41.09% in weed density”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed fresh weight by 46.34 and 41.5%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 46.34 and 41.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Hand weeding caused reduction of 46.19 and 41.09% in weed density, 46.34 and 41.5% in fresh weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced weed dry weight by 44.98 and 37.59%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Hand weedinge0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 44.98 and 37.59%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Hand weeding caused reduction of 46.19 and 41.09% in weed density, 46.34 and 41.5% in fresh weight, 44.98 and 37.59% in dry weight over control”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide reduced weed density by 77.08 and 72.11%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicidee0
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 7 7.08 and 72.11%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“herbicide caused reduction of 7 7.08 and 72.11% in weed density”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide reduced weed fresh weight by 78.59 and 70.7%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicidee0
- Outcome
- fresh weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 78.59 and 70.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“herbicide caused reduction of 7 7.08 and 72.11% in weed density, 78.59 and 70.7% in fresh weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide reduced weed dry weight by 74.59 and 67.51%.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicidee0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 74.59 and 67.51%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“herbicide caused reduction of 7 7.08 and 72.11% in weed density, 78.59 and 70.7% in fresh weight, 74.59 and 67.51% in dry weight compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum water extracts reduced population and biomass of three named weeds.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Sorghum plant parts WE spraye0
- Interactor
- Anagalis arvensis L.e0weed
- Outcome
- plant population, fresh and dry weigh te0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Sorghum plant parts WE spray signific antly reduced plant population, fresh and dry weigh t Anagalis arvensis L.(Pimpernel), Chenopodium album L. (Lambs quarter), Fumaria indica L. (Fumitory)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum water extracts suppressed wheat plant height.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sorghum plant parts WE treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“All sorghum plant parts WE treatments suppressed plant height”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem plus root extract yielded longer spikes, more grains per spike and heavier grain.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stem + root WE trea tmente0
- Outcome
- Longer spikes, more grain spike -1 and heavier graine0
- Direction
- Longere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Longer spikes, more grain spike -1 and heavier grain were found in stem + root WE trea tment”
Claim · model-written summary
Root water extract increased wheat yield by 12%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- root WEe0
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12 %e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Separate spray of root WE increased wheat yield by 12 % compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem plus root extract increased yield about 20% over control.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stem + roote0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- about 20%e0
- Comparator
- cont role0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“An increase of about 20% over cont rol was recorded in stem + root or stem + leaf treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem plus leaf extract increased yield about 20% over control.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- stem + leaf treatmente0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- about 20%e0
- Comparator
- cont role0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“An increase of about 20% over cont rol was recorded in stem + root or stem + leaf treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Logron increased yield 25.52% over control.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Logron applicat ione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25.52%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Logron applicat ion resulted in 25.52% yield increase over control”
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See all 401 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.