Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the University of Zalingei demonstration Farm, Zalingei, West Darfur State, Sudan, during 2006 and 2007 rainy seasons to evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control on some soil chemical properties and crop yield. Sorghum(S) and groundnut (G) were mixed in row proportions of 1:1(S1G1), 2:1(S2G1) and 1:2(S1G2), plus sole sorghum as control (S1). The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The results of soil analysis, by the end of the second growing season as compared to their values by the end of the first season, showed that (S1G2) treatment gave the lowest PH (6.53) and the highest nitrogen (0.054%) and organic matter (0.68%) percentages and consequently an increase in electrical conductivity (0.21 dsm -1 ). Whereas, the sole sorghum (S1) showed the lowest values for nitrogen (0.063% and 0.032%) , organic matter (0.66 and 0.47%) and electrical conductivity (0.08 and 0. 12 dsm -1 ) and the highest pH (0.686 and 7.12) by the end of the first and second seasons ,respectively. The results also showed no significant differences between treatments in sorghum head length during both growing seasons, and in 1000-grain weight, number of productive tillers/plant, dry matter weight and total grain yield during the second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007), whereas, the differences were significant(P≤ 0.05) during the first well-distributed rainfall season (2006). In case of the secondary crop (groundnut), all crop mixtures showed significant differences (P≤ 0.01) in total pod yield and yield components under study except 100- pod weight in the second season. The low yield and yield components of both intercrops in the second season were attributed to end-of-season drought due to early cease of rainfall. In addition to maintaining soil fertility, the results indicated that mixed cropping increased soil moisture content, which resulted in good establishment and better yield of the base crop. In the conditions of this study, the advantages of intercropping concerning maintenance and improvement of soil fertility were slight due to the short duration of the experiment.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
At the end of the second season, the S1G2 intercrop had the lowest soil pH (6.53).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“(S1G2) treatment gave the lowest PH (6.53) and the highest nitrogen (0.054%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The S1G2 intercrop had the highest soil nitrogen (0.054%).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“(S1G2) treatment gave the lowest PH (6.53) and the highest nitrogen (0.054%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The S1G2 intercrop had the highest soil organic matter (0.68%).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“(S1G2) treatment gave the lowest PH (6.53) and the highest nitrogen (0.054%)”
e2“the highest nitrogen (0.054%) and organic matter (0.68%) percentages”
Claim · model-written summary
The S1G2 intercrop increased soil electrical conductivity (0.21 dsm -1).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“(S1G2) treatment gave the lowest PH (6.53) and the highest nitrogen (0.054%)”
e3“an increase in electrical conductivity (0.21 dsm -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole sorghum had the lowest soil nitrogen (0.063% and 0.032%) across the two seasons.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e4“the sole sorghum (S1) showed the lowest values for nitrogen (0.063% and 0.032%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole sorghum had the lowest soil organic matter (0.66 and 0.47%) across the two seasons.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e4“the sole sorghum (S1) showed the lowest values for nitrogen (0.063% and 0.032%)”
e5“organic matter (0.66 and 0.47%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole sorghum had the lowest soil electrical conductivity (0.08 and 0. 12 dsm -1).
- Treatment
- sole sorghum (S1)e4
- Outcome
- electrical conductivitye6
- Direction
- loweste4
- Value
- 0.08 and 0. 12 dsm -1e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e4“the sole sorghum (S1) showed the lowest values for nitrogen (0.063% and 0.032%)”
e6“electrical conductivity (0.08 and 0. 12 dsm -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole sorghum had the highest soil pH (0.686 and 7.12) in the first and second seasons.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e4“the sole sorghum (S1) showed the lowest values for nitrogen (0.063% and 0.032%)”
e7“the highest pH (0.686 and 7.12)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum head length did not differ significantly between intercropping treatments in either growing season.
- Treatment
- row intercropping arrangementse0
- Outcome
- sorghum head lengthe1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Qualifier
- during both growing seasonse1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“no significant differences between treatments in sorghum head length during both growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1000-grain weight did not differ significantly between intercropping treatments in the second season (2007).
- Treatment
- row intercropping arrangementse0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Qualifier
- second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)e1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“in 1000-grain weight, number of productive tillers/plant, dry matter weight and total grain yield during the second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)”
Claim · model-written summary
The number of productive tillers per plant did not differ significantly between intercropping treatments in the second season (2007).
- Treatment
- row intercropping arrangementse0
- Outcome
- number of productive tillers/plante1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Qualifier
- second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)e1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“in 1000-grain weight, number of productive tillers/plant, dry matter weight and total grain yield during the second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter weight did not differ significantly between intercropping treatments in the second season (2007).
- Treatment
- row intercropping arrangementse0
- Outcome
- dry matter weighte1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Qualifier
- second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)e1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“in 1000-grain weight, number of productive tillers/plant, dry matter weight and total grain yield during the second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total grain yield did not differ significantly between intercropping treatments in the second season (2007).
- Treatment
- row intercropping arrangementse0
- Outcome
- total grain yielde1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Qualifier
- second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)e1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“in 1000-grain weight, number of productive tillers/plant, dry matter weight and total grain yield during the second poorly-distributed rainfall season (2007)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum yield traits differed significantly between intercropping treatments in the first season (2006).
- Treatment
- row intercropping arrangementse0
- Outcome
- differences between treatmentse1
- Qualifier
- first well-distributed rainfall season (2006)e2
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“no significant differences between treatments in sorghum head length during both growing seasons”
e2“the differences were significant(P≤ 0.05) during the first well-distributed rainfall season (2006)”
Claim · model-written summary
All crop mixtures showed significant differences in groundnut total pod yield and yield components, except 100-pod weight in the second season.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- crop mixturese1
- Outcome
- total pod yield and yield componentse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“all crop mixtures showed significant differences (P≤0.01) in total pod yield and yield components under study except 100- pod weight in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
The low yield of both intercrops in the second season was attributed to end-of-season drought.
- Taxon
- sorghum and groundnutArachis hypogaea
Sorghume0 - Outcome
- low yield and yield components of both intercropse1
- Qualifier
- end-of-season drought due to early cease of rainfalle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“The low yield and yield components of both intercrops in the second season were attributed to end-of-season drought due to early cease of rainfall”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed cropping increased soil moisture content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“the results indicated that mixed cropping increased soil moisture content”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed cropping gave a better yield of the base crop (sorghum).
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“the results indicated that mixed cropping increased soil moisture content”
e2“which resulted in good establishment and better yield of the base crop”
Claim · model-written summary
The soil fertility advantages of intercropping were slight, owing to the short duration of the experiment.
- Outcome
- advantages of intercropping concerning maintenance and improvement of soil fertilitye1
- Qualifier
- short duration of the experimente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“the advantages of intercropping concerning maintenance and improvement of soil fertility were slight due to the short duration of the experiment”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed cropping gave good establishment of the base crop.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effects of three row intercropping arrangements of sorghum and groundnut plus control”
e1“the results indicated that mixed cropping increased soil moisture content”
e2“which resulted in good establishment and better yield of the base crop”
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See all 33 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.