Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cultivars (“Albion”, “Benicia”, “Camarosa”, “Camino Real”, “Chandler”, “Radiance”, and “San Andreas”) were evaluated for salt tolerance in a greenhouse environment. Plants were irrigated with a nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.1 dS·m−1 (control) or a nutrient solution with the addition of salts (salt solution) with ECs of 2.2, 3.3, or 4.4 dS·m−1 for four months. Salinity reduced plant growth and fruit yield of strawberry; however, the magnitude of reduction varied with cultivar. For example, at an EC of 4.4 dS·m−1, “Benicia” and “Chandler” had 39% and 44% less shoot dry weight (DW) respectively, compared with control plants. At ECs of 3.3 and 4.4 dS·m−1, “Camino Real” had equal shoot DW, which was about 50% lower than that of the control. The fruit yield of “Benicia” and “Camino Real” at 4.4 dS·m−1 was reduced by 56%, while the other salt treatments did not affect their shoot DW or fruit yield. To distinguish differences among the cultivars with respect to their tolerance to salinity, cluster analysis was performed based on growth parameters and visual quality. The results indicated that “Albion”, “Camarosa”, and “San Andreas” were more salt tolerant, while “Camino Real”, “Benicia”, “Chandler”, and “Radiance” were less salt tolerant.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced strawberry plant growth.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassae0 - Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Salinity reduced plant growth and fruit yield of strawberry”
e1“nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.1 dS·m−1 (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced strawberry fruit yield.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
- Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity reduced plant growth and fruit yield of strawberry”
e1“nutrient solution with an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.1 dS·m−1 (control)”
Claim · model-written summary
The magnitude of growth and yield reduction varied by cultivar.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- magnitude of reduction varied with cultivare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the magnitude of reduction varied with cultivar”
t0“Strawberry Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Benicia had 39% less shoot dry weight at 4.4 dS·m−1 than control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Beniciae0
- Treatment
- EC of 4.4 dS·m−1e0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weight (DW)e0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 39%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at an EC of 4.4 dS·m−1, “Benicia” and “Chandler” had 39% and 44% less shoot dry weight (DW) respectively, compared with control plants”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Chandler had 44% less shoot dry weight at 4.4 dS·m−1 than control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Chandlere0
- Treatment
- EC of 4.4 dS·m−1e0
- Outcome
- shoot dry weight (DW)e0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 44%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at an EC of 4.4 dS·m−1, “Benicia” and “Chandler” had 39% and 44% less shoot dry weight (DW) respectively, compared with control plants”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Camino Real shoot dry weight at 3.3 dS·m−1 was about 50% lower than control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Camino Reale0
- Treatment
- 3.3e0
- Outcome
- shoot DWe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At ECs of 3.3 and 4.4 dS·m−1, “Camino Real” had equal shoot DW, which was about 50% lower than that of the control”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Camino Real shoot dry weight at 4.4 dS·m−1 was about 50% lower than control.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Camino Reale0
- Treatment
- 4.4 dS·m−1e0
- Outcome
- shoot DWe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 50%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At ECs of 3.3 and 4.4 dS·m−1, “Camino Real” had equal shoot DW, which was about 50% lower than that of the control”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Benicia fruit yield at 4.4 dS·m−1 was reduced by 56%.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Beniciae0
- Treatment
- 4.4 dS·m−1e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fruit yield of “Benicia” and “Camino Real” at 4.4 dS·m−1 was reduced by 56%”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Camino Real fruit yield at 4.4 dS·m−1 was reduced by 56%.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Camino Reale0
- Treatment
- 4.4 dS·m−1e0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fruit yield of “Benicia” and “Camino Real” at 4.4 dS·m−1 was reduced by 56%”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Other salt treatments did not affect Benicia shoot dry weight or fruit yield.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Beniciae1
- Treatment
- other salt treatmentse0
- Outcome
- shoot DW or fruit yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the other salt treatments did not affect their shoot DW or fruit yield”
e1““Benicia” and “Camino Real””
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Other salt treatments did not affect Camino Real shoot dry weight or fruit yield.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Camino Reale1
- Treatment
- other salt treatmentse0
- Outcome
- shoot DW or fruit yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the other salt treatments did not affect their shoot DW or fruit yield”
e1““Benicia” and “Camino Real””
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Albion was more salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Albione0
- Outcome
- more salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Albion”, “Camarosa”, and “San Andreas” were more salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Camarosa was more salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Camarosae0
- Outcome
- more salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Albion”, “Camarosa”, and “San Andreas” were more salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
San Andreas was more salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- San Andrease0
- Outcome
- more salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Albion”, “Camarosa”, and “San Andreas” were more salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Camino Real was less salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Camino Reale0
- Outcome
- less salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Camino Real”, “Benicia”, “Chandler”, and “Radiance” were less salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Benicia was less salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Beniciae0
- Outcome
- less salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Camino Real”, “Benicia”, “Chandler”, and “Radiance” were less salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Chandler was less salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Chandlere0
- Outcome
- less salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Camino Real”, “Benicia”, “Chandler”, and “Radiance” were less salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Radiance was less salt tolerant.
- Taxon
- StrawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- Radiancee0
- Outcome
- less salt tolerante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0““Camino Real”, “Benicia”, “Chandler”, and “Radiance” were less salt tolerant”
t0“Strawberry”
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