Abstract
Studies indicated tentatively that foliar boron applications were ineffective and falsely inflated annual boron analysis results. In spite of sprays, mean leaf boron concentrations varied from 28-33 mg/kg. Soil analyses from four growing areas in KwaZulu-Natal, reveled deficient levels of B, all showing concentrations of less than 1 mg/kg. Glasshouse trials showed that Edranol was 40% more efficient at boron uptake than the widely used Duke 7 rootstock. Field trials, experiments with soil boron (in the form of Borax) application rates in the range of 5-60 g/m 2 /year showed all treatments successfully raised leaf boron concentration, highest application rates causing toxicity 15 months after initial application. Successful treatments in younger trees resulted in a 4% increase in mean fruit mass, and a consequent 10% increase in yield with no significant difference in
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar boron applications were tentatively ineffective and inflated annual boron analysis.
- Taxon
- Avocado
Persea americanat0 - Treatment
- foliar boron applicationse0
- Outcome
- annual boron analysis resultse0
- Direction
- falsely inflatede0
- Qualifier
- tentativelye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Studies indicated tentatively that foliar boron applications were ineffective and falsely inflated annual boron analysis results.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean leaf boron under sprays ranged from 28 to 33 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- mean leaf boron concentrationse0
- Value
- 28-33 mg/kge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In spite of sprays, mean leaf boron concentrations varied from 28-33 mg/kg.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Soils in four KwaZulu-Natal growing areas had deficient boron below 1 mg/kg.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Outcome
- deficient levels of Be0
- Value
- less than 1 mg/kge0
- Setting
- KwaZulu-Natale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil analyses from four growing areas in KwaZulu-Natal, reveled deficient levels of B, all showing concentrations of less than 1 mg/kg.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Edranol had 40% higher boron uptake efficiency than Duke 7 rootstock in glasshouse trials.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Material
- Edranole0
- Outcome
- boron uptakee0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Value
- 40%e0
- Comparator
- Duke 7 rootstocke0
- Setting
- Glasshousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glasshouse trials showed that Edranol was 40% more efficient at boron uptake than the widely used Duke 7 rootstock.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested soil boron rates raised avocado leaf boron concentration.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- soil boron (in the form of Borax) application rates in the range of 5-60 g/m 2 /yeare0
- Outcome
- leaf boron concentratione0
- Direction
- raisede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil boron (in the form of Borax) application rates in the range of 5-60 g/m 2 /year showed all treatments successfully raised leaf boron concentration”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Highest soil boron application rates caused toxicity 15 months after initial application.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- highest application ratese0
- Outcome
- toxicitye0
- Qualifier
- 15 months after initial applicatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest application rates causing toxicity 15 months after initial application.”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Successful soil boron treatment increased mean fruit mass by 4% in younger trees.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- Successful treatmentse0
- Outcome
- mean fruit masse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 4%e0
- Qualifier
- younger treese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Successful treatments in younger trees resulted in a 4% increase in mean fruit mass”
t0“Avocado”
Claim · model-written summary
Successful soil boron treatment increased yield by 10% in younger trees.
- Taxon
- AvocadoPersea americanat0
- Treatment
- Successful treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Qualifier
- younger treese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Successful treatments in younger trees resulted in a 4% increase in mean fruit mass, and a consequent 10% increase in yield”
t0“Avocado”
The same questions in other papers
boron atom · nutrient: content · Persea americana (avocado)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · nutrient: content · Persea americana (avocado)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.