Abstract
Effects of postharvest pressure infiltration of distilled water, CaCl 2 solutions at 0.14 or 0.27 mol·L -1 without and with subsequent fruit coating treatments of preclimacteric `Golden Delicious' [ Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf. `Golden Delicious'] apples on volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospheres after storage at 0 °C for 1 to 6 months, and during subsequent shelf life at 20 °C were investigated. Over 30 volatiles were detected, most of the identified volatiles were esters; the rest were alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, a ketone, and a sesquiterpene. Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2 resulted progressively in reduced total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal O 2 levels and increased CO 2 levels in fruit following 2 to 4 months storage in air at 0 °C. Total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospheres of CaCl 2 -treated apples at 0.14 mol·L -1 gradually recovered to nontreated control levels following 2 weeks of shelf life at 20 °C and/or storage at 0 °C in air for more than 4 months. Following the calcium treatments with a shellac- or wax-based coating had similar but stronger and more persistent effects on volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospheres than those found in fruit treated with CaCl 2 alone. Calcium infiltration did not change the composition of volatile compounds found in fruit. Results suggest that pressure infiltration of `Golden Delicious' apples with CaCl 2 solutions transiently inhibited volatile levels, respiration, and ethylene production, in part, by forming a more-or-less transient barrier to CO 2 and O 2 exchange between the fruit tissue and the surrounding atmosphere.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Over 30 volatiles were detected, mostly esters.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Over 30 volatiles were detected, most of the identified volatiles were esters; the rest were alcohols, aldehydes, ethers, a ketone, and a sesquiterpene”
Claim · model-written summary
Water and increasing calcium infiltration reduced total volatiles, respiration and ethylene production.
- Treatment
- Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2e0
- Outcome
- total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2 resulted progressively in reduced total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal O 2 levels and increased CO 2 levels in fruit following 2 to 4 months storage in air at 0 °C”
Claim · model-written summary
Water and increasing calcium infiltration lowered internal oxygen.
- Treatment
- Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2e0
- Outcome
- internal O 2 levelse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2 resulted progressively in reduced total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal O 2 levels and increased CO 2 levels in fruit following 2 to 4 months storage in air at 0 °C”
Claim · model-written summary
Water and increasing calcium infiltration raised internal carbon dioxide.
- Treatment
- Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2e0
- Outcome
- CO 2 levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pressure infiltration of water and increasing concentrations of CaCl 2 resulted progressively in reduced total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal O 2 levels and increased CO 2 levels in fruit following 2 to 4 months storage in air at 0 °C”
Claim · model-written summary
Effects of 0.14 mol·L -1 calcium on volatiles, respiration, ethylene and internal gases recovered to control levels during shelf life or longer storage.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- CaCl 2e0
- Outcome
- Total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospherese0
- Direction
- recoverede0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospheres of CaCl 2 -treated apples at 0.14 mol·L -1 gradually recovered to nontreated control levels following 2 weeks of shelf life at 20 °C and/or storage at 0 °C in air for more than 4 months”
Claim · model-written summary
Shellac or wax coating after calcium produced stronger, more persistent physiological effects than calcium alone.
- Treatment
- shellac- or wax-based coatinge0
- Outcome
- volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospherese0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- CaCl 2 alonee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Following the calcium treatments with a shellac- or wax-based coating had similar but stronger and more persistent effects on volatile levels, respiration, ethylene production, and internal atmospheres than those found in fruit treated with CaCl 2 alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium infiltration did not change volatile composition.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Calcium infiltration did not change the composition of volatile compounds found in fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer calcium infiltration transiently inhibited volatiles, respiration and ethylene partly via a gas-exchange barrier.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- pressure infiltration of `Golden Delicious' apples with CaCl 2 solutionse0
- Outcome
- volatile levels, respiration, and ethylene productione0
- Qualifier
- forming a more-or-less transient barrier to CO 2 and O 2 exchangee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pressure infiltration of `Golden Delicious' apples with CaCl 2 solutions transiently inhibited volatile levels, respiration, and ethylene production, in part, by forming a more-or-less transient barrier to CO 2 and O 2 exchange between the fruit tissue and the surrounding atmosphere”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · quality: phytochemicals · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →calcium dichloride · physiology: hormones · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.