Abstract
Toxic effect of dinotefuran, imidacloprid, fenoxycarb, phenthoate and thiocyclam H.O insecticides on greenhouses population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) was evaluated in laboratory. Data revealed that the five tested insecticides had high contact toxic effect on moths and 3rd instar larvae of theinsect. Moths were more susceptible to the effect of tested insecticides than larvae. Imidacloprid was the superior toxicant against moths and larvae, so it had a very low resistance coefficient (RC= 0.01 and 0.13). Phenthoate and thiocy- clam-H.O. had high toxic effect on two stages. Dinotefuran seemed to have low effect on moths and the same trend was observed with fenoxycarb on larvae. The activity of acetycholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase (PCMAN-demethylase) was higher in whole body homogenate of untreated moths (1.5, 1.2 and 1.58 times, respectively), than that of 3rd instar larvae. The exposure of moths and 3rd instar larvae to LC30, LC50 and LC80 of tested insecticides caused significant reduction (51.11and 25.00%) or increasing (41.78 and 28.77%) in activity of AChE, respectively. Phenthoate treatments reduced AChE activity, but imidacloprid and dinotefuran induced this activity in LC80 treated insects .Low insecticide treatments produced slight induction (1.41-11.90%) of GST, other two treatments produced reduction or increasing enzyme activity of treated insects. LC80 of fenoxycarb had moderate induction (24.79- 27.90%) of moths and larvae GST. A positive correlation between the insecticide concentration and the activity of monooxygenase PCMAN-demethylase was observed in treated insects with five insecticides. Elevation of enzyme activity ranged from 1.59 to 52.12% in moths and 5.83- 59.17% in larvae. Phenthoate and imidacloprid produced the higher induction effect of treated insect enzyme than the other three insecticides.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid was the superior toxicant against moths and larvae of the tomato leafminer, with a very low resistance coefficient.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Imidaclopride1
- Interactor
- Tuta absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae0pest - Outcome
- superior toxicante1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Value
- 0.01 and 0.13e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Imidacloprid was the superior toxicant against moths and larvae, so it had a very low resistance coefficient (RC= 0.01 and 0.13)”
Claim · model-written summary
The five tested insecticides had high contact toxicity to moths and third-instar larvae of the tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- moths and 3rd instar larvaee2
- Treatment
- the five tested insecticidese2
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- contact toxic effecte2
- Direction
- highe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e2“Data revealed that the five tested insecticides had high contact toxic effect on moths and 3rd instar larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenthoate had high toxic effect on both life stages of the tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- two stagese3
- Treatment
- Phenthoatee3
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- toxic effecte3
- Direction
- highe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e3“Phenthoate and thiocy- clam-H.O. had high toxic effect on two stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiocyclam had high toxic effect on both life stages of the tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- two stagese3
- Treatment
- thiocy- clam-H.O.e3
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- toxic effecte3
- Direction
- highe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e3“Phenthoate and thiocy- clam-H.O. had high toxic effect on two stages”
Claim · model-written summary
Dinotefuran had a low effect on moths of the tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Dinotefurane4
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- effect on mothse4
- Direction
- lowe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e4“Dinotefuran seemed to have low effect on moths”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenoxycarb showed the same low effect on larvae of the tomato leafminer as dinotefuran on moths.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- fenoxycarbe5
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- the same trende5
- Direction
- lowe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e5“Dinotefuran seemed to have low effect on moths and the same trend was observed with fenoxycarb on larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetylcholinesterase activity was higher in untreated moths than in third-instar larvae of the tomato leafminer, by 1.5 times.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- whole body homogenatee6
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- acetycholinesterase (AChE)e6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 1.5e6
- Comparator
- 3rd instar larvaee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e6“The activity of acetycholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase (PCMAN-demethylase) was higher in whole body homogenate of untreated moths (1.5, 1.2 and 1.58 times, respectively), than that of 3rd instar larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione-S-transferase activity was higher in untreated moths than in third-instar larvae of the tomato leafminer, by 1.2 times.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- whole body homogenatee6
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- glutathione-S-transferase (GST)e6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 1.2e6
- Comparator
- 3rd instar larvaee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e6“The activity of acetycholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase (PCMAN-demethylase) was higher in whole body homogenate of untreated moths (1.5, 1.2 and 1.58 times, respectively), than that of 3rd instar larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Monooxygenase activity was higher in untreated moths than in third-instar larvae of the tomato leafminer, by 1.58 times.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- whole body homogenatee6
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- monooxygenase (PCMAN-demethylase)e6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 1.58e6
- Comparator
- 3rd instar larvaee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e6“The activity of acetycholinesterase (AChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase (PCMAN-demethylase) was higher in whole body homogenate of untreated moths (1.5, 1.2 and 1.58 times, respectively), than that of 3rd instar larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to LC30 to LC80 of the insecticides significantly reduced AChE activity in the tomato leafminer (51.11% and 25.00%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC30, LC50 and LC80 of tested insecticidese7
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- activity of AChEe7
- Direction
- reductione7
- Value
- 51.11and 25.00%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e7“The exposure of moths and 3rd instar larvae to LC30, LC50 and LC80 of tested insecticides caused significant reduction (51.11and 25.00%) or increasing (41.78 and 28.77%) in activity of AChE, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Exposure to LC30 to LC80 of the insecticides increased AChE activity in the tomato leafminer (41.78% and 28.77%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- LC30, LC50 and LC80 of tested insecticidese7
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- activity of AChEe7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Value
- 41.78 and 28.77%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e7“The exposure of moths and 3rd instar larvae to LC30, LC50 and LC80 of tested insecticides caused significant reduction (51.11and 25.00%) or increasing (41.78 and 28.77%) in activity of AChE, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenthoate treatment reduced AChE activity in the tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Phenthoate treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- AChE activitye1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Phenthoate treatments reduced AChE activity, but imidacloprid and dinotefuran induced this activity in LC80 treated insects”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid induced AChE activity in LC80-treated tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- imidaclopride1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- AChE activitye1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Qualifier
- in LC80 treated insectse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Phenthoate treatments reduced AChE activity, but imidacloprid and dinotefuran induced this activity in LC80 treated insects”
Claim · model-written summary
Dinotefuran induced AChE activity in LC80-treated tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- dinotefurane1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- AChE activitye1
- Direction
- inducede1
- Qualifier
- in LC80 treated insectse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Phenthoate treatments reduced AChE activity, but imidacloprid and dinotefuran induced this activity in LC80 treated insects”
Claim · model-written summary
Low insecticide treatments slightly induced GST activity in the tomato leafminer (1.41-11.90%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Low insecticide treatmentse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- GSTe1
- Direction
- slight inductione1
- Value
- 1.41-11.90%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Low insecticide treatments produced slight induction (1.41-11.90%) of GST”
Claim · model-written summary
LC80 of fenoxycarb moderately induced GST in moths and larvae of the tomato leafminer (24.79-27.90%).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- moths and larvaee1
- Treatment
- LC80 of fenoxycarbe1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- GSTe1
- Direction
- moderate inductione1
- Value
- 24.79- 27.90%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“LC80 of fenoxycarb had moderate induction (24.79- 27.90%) of moths and larvae GST”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticide concentration was positively correlated with monooxygenase activity in treated tomato leafminer.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- insecticide concentratione1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- the activity of monooxygenase PCMAN-demethylasee1
- Direction
- positive correlatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“A positive correlation between the insecticide concentration and the activity of monooxygenase PCMAN-demethylase was observed in treated insects with five insecticides”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activity in treated moths was elevated by 1.59% to 52.12%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- mothse1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye1
- Direction
- Elevatione1
- Value
- 1.59 to 52.12%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Elevation of enzyme activity ranged from 1.59 to 52.12% in moths and 5.83- 59.17% in larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme activity in treated larvae was elevated by 5.83% to 59.17%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- larvaee1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- enzyme activitye1
- Direction
- Elevatione1
- Value
- 5.83- 59.17%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Elevation of enzyme activity ranged from 1.59 to 52.12% in moths and 5.83- 59.17% in larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenthoate and imidacloprid induced higher enzyme activity than the other three insecticides.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Phenthoate and imidaclopride1
- Interactor
- Tuta absolutaTuta absolutae0pest
- Outcome
- induction effect of treated insect enzymee1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- the other three insecticidese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of the tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)”
e1“Phenthoate and imidacloprid produced the higher induction effect of treated insect enzyme than the other three insecticides”
The same questions in other papers
imidacloprid · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
phenthoate · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
insecticide · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.