Paper · 1992 · Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science

Root Restriction Affects Shoot Development of Peach in a High-density Orchard

J.G. Williamson; D.C. Coston; J.A. Cornell

11
claims
22
verbatim quotes
38
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Planting treatments were evaluated for their influence on shoot development and root distribution of own-rooted `Redhaven' peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] trees planted to high density (5000 trees/ha). Planting in fabric-lined trenches (FLT) or narrow herbicide strips (NHS) reduced the diameter and length of primary shoots, the number and combined length of second-order shoots, and the total length of shoots. Flower density, the number of flowers per node, and the percentage of nodes containing one or more flowers were increased for FLT trees but not for NHS trees when compared with controls. The length of primary shoots increased quadratically for all treatments with increasing limb cross-sectional area (LCA). The total length of shoots increased more with increasing LCA for controls than for FLT trees. The number of flowers per shoot increased linearly for all treatments with increasing LCA values. Root concentration decreased with increasing soil depth and distance from tree rows for all treatments. Reduced widths of weed-free herbicide strips had little effect on root distribution. Roots of FLT trees were reduced in number and restricted vertically and laterally when compared with other planting treatments. The FLT treatment modified shoot development by reducing the length of total shoots and length of primary shoots across LCA values measured when compared with NHS and control-treatments.

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Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fabric-lined trenches reduced primary shoot diameter and length, second-order shoot number and length, and total shoot length.

Treatment
fabric-lined trenches (FLT)e0
Outcome
diameter and length of primary shoots, the number and combined length of second-order shoots, and the total length of shootse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Planting in fabric-lined trenches (FLT) or narrow herbicide strips (NHS) reduced the diameter and length of primary shoots, the number and combined length of second-order shoots, and the total length of shoots.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–415 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrow herbicide strips reduced primary shoot diameter and length, second-order shoot number and length, and total shoot length.

Treatment
narrow herbicide strips (NHS)e0
Outcome
diameter and length of primary shoots, the number and combined length of second-order shoots, and the total length of shootse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Planting in fabric-lined trenches (FLT) or narrow herbicide strips (NHS) reduced the diameter and length of primary shoots, the number and combined length of second-order shoots, and the total length of shoots.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–415 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fabric-lined trenches increased flower density, flowers per node, and flowering-node percentage relative to controls.

Treatment
FLTe0
Outcome
Flower density, the number of flowers per node, and the percentage of nodes containing one or more flowerse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controlse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Flower density, the number of flowers per node, and the percentage of nodes containing one or more flowers were increased for FLT trees but not for NHS trees when compared with controls.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–602 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrow herbicide strips did not increase flower density or related flowering measures relative to controls.

Treatment
NHSe0
Outcome
Flower density, the number of flowers per node, and the percentage of nodes containing one or more flowerse0
Comparator
controlse0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Flower density, the number of flowers per node, and the percentage of nodes containing one or more flowers were increased for FLT trees but not for NHS trees when compared with controls.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–602 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Primary shoot length increased quadratically with limb cross-sectional area under all treatments.

Organ / stage
limbe0
Outcome
length of primary shootse0
Direction
increased quadraticallye0
Qualifier
all treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The length of primary shoots increased quadratically for all treatments with increasing limb cross-sectional area (LCA).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 603–723 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Total shoot length increased more with limb cross-sectional area in controls than in fabric-lined trench trees.

Outcome
total length of shootse0
Direction
increased moree0
Comparator
FLT treese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The total length of shoots increased more with increasing LCA for controls than for FLT trees.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 724–818 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Flower number per shoot rose linearly with limb cross-sectional area under all treatments.

Organ / stage
shoote0
Outcome
number of flowers per shoote0
Direction
increased linearlye0
Qualifier
all treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The number of flowers per shoot increased linearly for all treatments with increasing LCA values.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 819–916 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Root concentration decreased with increasing soil depth and distance from rows under all treatments.

Outcome
Root concentratione0
Direction
decreasede0
Setting
soil depth and distance from tree rowse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Root concentration decreased with increasing soil depth and distance from tree rows for all treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 917–1020 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrower weed-free herbicide strips had little effect on root distribution.

Treatment
Reduced widths of weed-free herbicide stripse0
Outcome
root distributione0
Direction
little effecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Reduced widths of weed-free herbicide strips had little effect on root distribution.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1021–1105 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fabric-lined trenches reduced root number and restricted roots vertically and laterally versus other planting treatments.

Treatment
FLTe0
Outcome
Rootse0
Direction
reducede0
Qualifier
restricted vertically and laterallye0
Comparator
other planting treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Roots of FLT trees were reduced in number and restricted vertically and laterally when compared with other planting treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1106–1233 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fabric-lined trenches reduced total and primary shoot length across limb cross-sectional areas versus NHS and controls.

Treatment
FLT treatmente0
Outcome
length of total shoots and length of primary shootse0
Direction
reducinge0
Qualifier
across LCA values measurede0
Comparator
NHS and control-treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Prunus persica
Prunus persica · TaxonAllagash Brewing · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The FLT treatment modified shoot development by reducing the length of total shoots and length of primary shoots across LCA values measured when compared with NHS and control-treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1234–1420 · show in text ↑
e1

“peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 123–157 · show in text ↑

herbicide · yield · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 6 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

herbicide · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 7 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
    Weed fabric and tillage gave the highest tree growth versus straw and alyssum.

    Orchard Floor Management · 2021 · compared with straw and alyssum treatments

    Opposite direction

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.