Abstract
Plants grown under a canopy recognize changes in light quality and modify their growth patterns; this modification is known as shade avoidance syndrome. In leaves, leaf blade expansion is suppressed, whereas petiole elongation is promoted under the shade. However, the mechanisms that control these responses are largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate that both auxin and brassinosteroid (BR) are required for the normal leaf responses to shade in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The microarray analysis of leaf blades and petioles treated with end-of-day far-red light (EODFR) revealed that almost half of the genes induced by the treatment in both parts were previously identified as auxin-responsive genes. Likewise, BR-responsive genes were overrepresented in the EODFR-induced genes. Hence, the auxin and BR responses were elevated by EODFR treatment in both leaf blades and petioles, although opposing growth responses were observed in these two parts. The analysis of the auxin-deficient doc1/big mutant and the BR-deficient rot3/cyp90c1 mutant further indicates that auxin and BR were equally required for the normal petiole elongation response to the shade stimulus. In addition, the spotlight irradiation experiment revealed that phytochrome in leaf blades but not that in petioles regulated petiole elongation, which was probably mediated through regulation of the auxin/BR responses in petioles. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that auxin and BR cooperatively promote petiole elongation in response to the shade stimulus under the control of phytochrome in the leaf blade.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Shade suppressed leaf blade expansion and promoted petiole elongation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Treatment
- under the shadee0
- Outcome
- leaf blade expansione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In leaves, leaf blade expansion is suppressed, whereas petiole elongation is promoted under the shade.”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Almost half of EODFR-induced genes in leaf blades and petioles were auxin responsive.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- both partse0
- Gene
- auxin-responsive genese0
- Outcome
- genes induced by the treatmente0
- Value
- almost halfe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“almost half of the genes induced by the treatment in both parts were previously identified as auxin-responsive genes”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
BR responsive genes were overrepresented among EODFR-induced genes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- EODFR-inducede0
- Outcome
- BR-responsive genese0
- Direction
- overrepresentede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BR-responsive genes were overrepresented in the EODFR-induced genes”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin and BR responses rose after EODFR treatment in leaf blades and petioles.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- leaf blades and petiolese0
- Treatment
- EODFR treatmente0
- Outcome
- auxin and BR responsese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the auxin and BR responses were elevated by EODFR treatment in both leaf blades and petioles”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin and BR were required for normal shade-induced petiole elongation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- shade stimuluse0
- Outcome
- petiole elongation responsee0
Not reportedGeneComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“auxin and BR were equally required for the normal petiole elongation response to the shade stimulus”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf-blade phytochrome regulated petiole elongation, unlike petiole phytochrome.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- leaf bladese0
- Gene
- phytochromee0
- Outcome
- petiole elongatione0
- Qualifier
- not that in petiolese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phytochrome in leaf blades but not that in petioles regulated petiole elongation”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin and BR cooperatively promote shade-induced petiole elongation under leaf-blade phytochrome control.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- phytochromee0
- Compound
- auxin and BRe0
- Outcome
- petiole elongatione0
- Qualifier
- in response to the shade stimuluse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“auxin and BR cooperatively promote petiole elongation in response to the shade stimulus under the control of phytochrome in the leaf blade”
t0“Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: hormones · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
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