Abstract
Zonocerus variegatus infestation has been found to cause a lot of devastation in the production of cassava crop plants in tropical and subtropical areas. Understanding the efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on controlling Z. variegatus is desired. The present study was conducted in the Department of Crop Science experimental site, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka to investigate the effects of M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) on the morphological and physiological growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.); and its efficacy as organic insecticide for controlling Z. variegatus infestation. M. oleifera leaf extract diluted in water at the volume to volume (v/v) ratios of 1:10, 1:20, 1:30 and 1:40 were applied weekly while “Uppercut (R)” (30 g dimethoate plus 250 g cypermethrin), used as water emulsifiable concentrate, was applied at the rate of 0.2 a.i./ha at three-weekly interval for two months. Result shows that M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (%SHD) at 32 weeks after planting with a value of 20.5% followed by 1:20 (17.8%), 1:10 (10.56%), dimethoate plus cypermethrin (8.98%) and 1:40 (8.05%). The control had the least %SHD and %LND. Dimethoate plus cypermethrin treatment was more efficacious as it eradicated the insects and caused significant (p < 0.05) increase in the number of leaves and reduction in the percentage leaf abscission especially from the thirtieth week after planting. However a combined use of Dimethoate plus cypermethrin and M. oleifera leaf extract may give a better result and as such recommended than a single treatment application. Key words: Moringa extract, dimethoate plus cypermethrin insecticide, cassava hybrid, Zonocerus variegatus infestation.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:30 MLE dilution gave the highest %SHD (20.5%) at 32 weeks after planting on cassava.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Treatment
- dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in watere1
- Outcome
- percentage stem height difference (%SHD)e1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 20.5%e1
- Comparator
- dimethoate plus cypermethrine5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e1“M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (%SHD) at 32 weeks after planting with a value of 20.5%”
e5“followed by 1:20 (17.8%), 1:10 (10.56%), dimethoate plus cypermethrin (8.98%) and 1:40 (8.05%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate plus cypermethrin eradicated the insects (Zonocerus variegatus) on cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate plus cypermethrine2
- Interactor
- Zonocerus variegatus
.jpg?width=60)
Zonocerus variegatust0pest - Outcome
- insectse2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e2“Dimethoate plus cypermethrin treatment was more efficacious as it eradicated the insects”
t0“controlling Zonocerus variegatus”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate plus cypermethrin caused a significant increase in the number of leaves of cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate plus cypermethrine2
- Outcome
- number of leavese3
- Direction
- increasee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e2“Dimethoate plus cypermethrin treatment was more efficacious as it eradicated the insects”
e3“caused significant (p < 0.05) increase in the number of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate plus cypermethrin reduced the percentage leaf abscission of cassava, especially from the thirtieth week after planting.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate plus cypermethrine2
- Outcome
- percentage leaf abscissione4
- Direction
- reductione4
- Qualifier
- especially from the thirtieth week after plantinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e2“Dimethoate plus cypermethrin treatment was more efficacious as it eradicated the insects”
e4“reduction in the percentage leaf abscission especially from the thirtieth week after planting”
Claim · model-written summary
A combined use of Dimethoate plus cypermethrin and M. oleifera leaf extract may give a better result than a single treatment and is recommended.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Outcome
- combined use of Dimethoate plus cypermethrin and M. oleifera leaf extracte6
- Qualifier
- may give a better resulte6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e6“a combined use of Dimethoate plus cypermethrin and M. oleifera leaf extract may give a better result and as such recommended than a single treatment application”
Claim · model-written summary
The control had the least %SHD and %LND on cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Outcome
- %SHD and %LNDe7
- Direction
- leaste7
- Qualifier
- The controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e7“The control had the least %SHD and %LND”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:20 MLE dilution gave a lower %SHD (17.8%) than the 1:30 dilution on cassava.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e1“M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (%SHD) at 32 weeks after planting with a value of 20.5%”
e5“followed by 1:20 (17.8%), 1:10 (10.56%), dimethoate plus cypermethrin (8.98%) and 1:40 (8.05%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:10 MLE dilution gave a lower %SHD (10.56%) than the 1:30 dilution on cassava.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e1“M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (%SHD) at 32 weeks after planting with a value of 20.5%”
e5“followed by 1:20 (17.8%), 1:10 (10.56%), dimethoate plus cypermethrin (8.98%) and 1:40 (8.05%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate plus cypermethrin gave a lower %SHD (8.98%) than the 1:30 dilution on cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate plus cypermethrine5
- Outcome
- %SHDe1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede5
- Value
- 8.98%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e1“M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (%SHD) at 32 weeks after planting with a value of 20.5%”
e5“followed by 1:20 (17.8%), 1:10 (10.56%), dimethoate plus cypermethrin (8.98%) and 1:40 (8.05%)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:40 MLE dilution gave the lowest %SHD (8.05%) among the dilutions on cassava.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.)”
e1“M. oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (%SHD) at 32 weeks after planting with a value of 20.5%”
e5“followed by 1:20 (17.8%), 1:10 (10.56%), dimethoate plus cypermethrin (8.98%) and 1:40 (8.05%)”
The same questions in other papers
dimethoate · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cypermethrin · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
dimethoate · Zonocerus variegatus · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cypermethrin · Zonocerus variegatus · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
dimethoate · yield · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cypermethrin · yield · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.