Abstract
This work was carried out to study the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) on the morphological and physiological growth characteristics of cassava (Manihot utilissima Pohl.); and its efficacy as organic insecticide in controlling Zonocerus variegatus infestation on the plant. The leaf extract was diluted in water at the ratios of 1:10, 1:20, 1:30 and 1:40. “Uppercut (R)” (30g dimethoate + 250g cypermethrin), used as water emulsifiable concentrate, was applied at the rate of 0.2 a.i./ha for comparison. Cassava hybrid, CR1247 was planted at the spacing of 1m x 1m. Moringa oleifera leaf extract was applied weekly while the dimethoate + cypermethrin was applied at three-weekly interval for two months. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (% SHD) at the eighth week after treatment with a value of 20.5% followed by 1:20, 1:10 MLE in water, dimethoate + cypermethrin and 1:40 MLE in water (i.e. 17.82%, 10.56%, 8.98% and 8.05% respectively). The control had the least % SHD. Dimethoate + cypermethrin had the highest percentage leaf number difference (% LND) at the eighth week after treatment with a value of 70.99% followed by 1:10, 1:30, 1:20 and 1:40 MLE in water in that order (i.e. 25.23%, 18.43%, 3.83% and 0.33% respectively). Control also had the least % LND. The 1:40 MLE in water treatment recorded the highest percentage leaf appearance (31%) at eight weeks followed by 1:30, 1:20, 1:10 and dimethoate + cypermethrin in that order (i.e. 29%, 28%, 26% and 20% respectively). Dimethoate + cypermethrin eradicated the insects and caused significant (P< 0.05) increase in the number of leaves and reduction in the percentage leaf abscission especially from the sixth week after treatment.Keywords – Moringa, dimethoate + cypermethrin, insecticide, cassava hybrid.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
In cassava, the 1:30 Moringa oleifera leaf extract dilution gave the highest percentage stem height difference, 20.5% at the eighth week after treatment.
- Taxon
- Cassava
Manihot esculentat0 - Treatment
- 1:30 MLE in watere1
- Outcome
- percentage stem height difference (% SHD)e1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 20.5%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (% SHD) at the eighth week after treatment with a value of 20.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
In cassava, the 1:20 and 1:10 MLE dilutions, dimethoate + cypermethrin and the 1:40 MLE dilution gave lower percentage stem height differences of 17.82%, 10.56%, 8.98% and 8.05% respectively at the eighth week.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 1:20, 1:10 MLE in water, dimethoate + cypermethrin and 1:40 MLE in watere2
- Outcome
- percentage stem height difference (% SHD)e1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 17.82%, 10.56%, 8.98% and 8.05%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“dilution at the ratio of 1:30 MLE in water gave the highest percentage stem height difference (% SHD) at the eighth week after treatment with a value of 20.5%”
e2“followed by 1:20, 1:10 MLE in water, dimethoate + cypermethrin and 1:40 MLE in water (i.e. 17.82%, 10.56%, 8.98% and 8.05% respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
The untreated control cassava had the least percentage stem height difference.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- % SHDe1
- Direction
- leaste1
- Comparator
- controle1
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“The control had the least % SHD”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate + cypermethrin gave the highest percentage leaf number difference in cassava, 70.99% at the eighth week after treatment.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate + cypermethrine1
- Outcome
- percentage leaf number difference (% LND)e1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 70.99%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“Dimethoate + cypermethrin had the highest percentage leaf number difference (% LND) at the eighth week after treatment with a value of 70.99%”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:10, 1:30, 1:20 and 1:40 MLE dilutions gave lower percentage leaf number differences of 25.23%, 18.43%, 3.83% and 0.33% respectively.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 1:10, 1:30, 1:20 and 1:40 MLE in watere2
- Outcome
- percentage leaf number difference (% LND)e1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 25.23%, 18.43%, 3.83% and 0.33%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“Dimethoate + cypermethrin had the highest percentage leaf number difference (% LND) at the eighth week after treatment with a value of 70.99%”
e2“followed by 1:10, 1:30, 1:20 and 1:40 MLE in water in that order (i.e. 25.23%, 18.43%, 3.83% and 0.33% respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
The control cassava also had the least percentage leaf number difference.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- % LNDe1
- Direction
- leaste1
- Comparator
- Controle1
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“Control also had the least % LND”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:40 MLE dilution recorded the highest percentage leaf appearance in cassava, 31% at eight weeks.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 1:40 MLE in watere1
- Outcome
- percentage leaf appearancee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 31%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“The 1:40 MLE in water treatment recorded the highest percentage leaf appearance (31%) at eight weeks”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1:30, 1:20, 1:10 MLE dilutions and dimethoate + cypermethrin gave lower percentage leaf appearance of 29%, 28%, 26% and 20% respectively.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 1:30, 1:20, 1:10 and dimethoate + cypermethrine2
- Outcome
- percentage leaf appearancee1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede2
- Value
- 29%, 28%, 26% and 20%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“The 1:40 MLE in water treatment recorded the highest percentage leaf appearance (31%) at eight weeks”
e2“followed by 1:30, 1:20, 1:10 and dimethoate + cypermethrin in that order (i.e. 29%, 28%, 26% and 20% respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate + cypermethrin eradicated the Zonocerus variegatus insects infesting cassava.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate + cypermethrine1
- Interactor
- Zonocerus variegatus
.jpg?width=60)
Zonocerus variegatuse2pest - Outcome
- insectse1
- Direction
- eradicatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“Dimethoate + cypermethrin eradicated the insects”
e2“Zonocerus variegatus infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate + cypermethrin caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in the number of leaves of cassava.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate + cypermethrine1
- Outcome
- number of leavese1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“Dimethoate + cypermethrin eradicated the insects and caused significant (P< 0.05) increase in the number of leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethoate + cypermethrin reduced the percentage leaf abscission of cassava, especially from the sixth week after treatment.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate + cypermethrine1
- Outcome
- percentage leaf abscissione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Qualifier
- especially from the sixth week after treatmente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cassava”
e1“Dimethoate + cypermethrin eradicated the insects and caused significant (P< 0.05) increase in the number of leaves and reduction in the percentage leaf abscission especially from the sixth week after treatment”
The same questions in other papers
dimethoate · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cypermethrin · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
dimethoate · Zonocerus variegatus · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cypermethrin · Zonocerus variegatus · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
dimethoate · yield · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
cypermethrin · yield · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
botanical · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.