Abstract
Abscisic acid plays important roles in maintaining seed dormancy while gibberellins (GA) and other phytohormones antagonize ABA to promote germination. However, how ABA signaling is desensitized during the transition from dormancy to germination is still poorly understood. We functionally characterized the role of membrane-associated transcription factor peptidase, site-2 protease (S2P), in ABA signaling during seed germination in Arabidopsis. Genetic analysis showed that loss-of-function of S2P conferred high ABA sensitivity during seed germination, and expression of the activated form of membrane-associated transcription factor bZIP17, in which the transmembrane domain and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen-facing C-terminus were deleted, in the S2P mutant rescued its ABA-sensitive phenotype. MYC and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged bZIP17 were processed and translocated from the ER to the nucleus in response to ABA treatment. Furthermore, genes encoding negative regulators of ABA signaling, such as the transcription factor ATHB7 and its target genes HAB1, HAB2, HAI1 and AHG3, were up-regulated in seeds of the wild-type upon ABA treatment; this up-regulation was impaired in seeds of S2P mutants. Our results suggest that S2P desensitizes ABA signaling during seed germination through regulating the activation of the membrane-associated transcription factor bZIP17 and therefore controlling the expression level of genes encoding negative regulators of ABA signaling.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Loss of S2P function conferred high ABA sensitivity during Arabidopsis seed germination.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise1 - Organ / stage
- seed germinatione0
- Treatment
- loss-of-function of S2Pe0
- Gene
- S2Pe0
- Outcome
- ABA sensitivitye0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“loss-of-function of S2P conferred high ABA sensitivity during seed germination”
e1“in Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
Activated bZIP17 expression rescued the ABA-sensitive phenotype of the Arabidopsis S2P mutant.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- expression of the activated form of membrane-associated transcription factor bZIP17e0
- Gene
- bZIP17e0
- Outcome
- ABA-sensitive phenotypee0
- Direction
- rescuede0
- Comparator
- S2P mutante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of the activated form of membrane-associated transcription factor bZIP17, in which the transmembrane domain and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen-facing C-terminus were deleted, in the S2P mutant rescued its ABA-sensitive phenotype.”
e1“in Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA treatment caused tagged bZIP17 to be processed and move from the ER to the nucleus in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- ABA treatmente0
- Gene
- bZIP17e0
- Outcome
- processed and translocated from the ER to the nucleuse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MYC and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged bZIP17 were processed and translocated from the ER to the nucleus in response to ABA treatment.”
e1“in Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA up-regulated ATHB7, HAB1, HAB2, HAI1 and AHG3 in wild-type Arabidopsis seeds.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- ABA treatmente0
- Gene
- ATHB7 and its target genes HAB1, HAB2, HAI1 and AHG3e0
- Outcome
- genes encoding negative regulators of ABA signalinge0
- Direction
- up-regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genes encoding negative regulators of ABA signaling, such as the transcription factor ATHB7 and its target genes HAB1, HAB2, HAI1 and AHG3, were up-regulated in seeds of the wild-type upon ABA treatment”
e1“in Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA-induced up-regulation of negative regulator genes was impaired in Arabidopsis S2P mutant seeds.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise2
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- ABA treatmente1
- Gene
- S2Pe0
- Outcome
- this up-regulatione0
- Direction
- impairede0
- Comparator
- wild-typee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this up-regulation was impaired in seeds of S2P mutants.”
e1“genes encoding negative regulators of ABA signaling, such as the transcription factor ATHB7 and its target genes HAB1, HAB2, HAI1 and AHG3, were up-regulated in seeds of the wild-type upon ABA treatment”
e2“in Arabidopsis.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that S2P desensitizes ABA signaling through bZIP17 activation and regulation of negative regulator genes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- S2Pe0
- Outcome
- ABA signalinge0
- Qualifier
- through regulating the activation of the membrane-associated transcription factor bZIP17e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“S2P desensitizes ABA signaling during seed germination through regulating the activation of the membrane-associated transcription factor bZIP17 and therefore controlling the expression level of genes encoding negative regulators of ABA signaling.”
e1“in Arabidopsis.”
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