Abstract
Two studies were conducted in Kenya during 1993 and 1994 to determine the yield responses of kale ( Brassica oleracea var. acephala D.C.) intercropped with beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under different redroot pigweed ( Amaranthus retroflexus L.) densities. Redroot pigweed significantly reduced both kale and bean yields, the reduction being greater in 1993 than in 1994, and being greater for beans than for kale. Redroot pigweed growth was suppressed more by beans than by kale. Food output per unit area, measured by Land Equivalent Ratios, was increased by 22–115% by intercropping kale with beans and the increase was greater under weedy conditions (38–115%) than under weed-free conditions (22–74%). The presence of beans did not affect the leaf yield of kale. The presence of kale did not affect the seed yield of beans in 1994, but consistently reduced it by about 50% in 1993, though the difference was not significant.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Redroot pigweed significantly reduced kale yield, more in 1993 than 1994.
- Taxon
- kale
Brassica oleracea var. viridise0 - Interactor
- Redroot pigweede0weed
- Outcome
- kale and bean yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- greater in 1993 than in 1994e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Redroot pigweed significantly reduced both kale and bean yields, the reduction being greater in 1993 than in 1994, and being greater for beans than for kale.”
Claim · model-written summary
Redroot pigweed significantly reduced bean yield, more than kale yield.
Verbatim
e0“Redroot pigweed significantly reduced both kale and bean yields, the reduction being greater in 1993 than in 1994, and being greater for beans than for kale.”
Claim · model-written summary
Beans suppressed redroot pigweed growth more than kale.
Verbatim
e0“Redroot pigweed growth was suppressed more by beans than by kale.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased food output per unit area by 22–115%.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Treatment
- intercropping kale with beanse0
- Outcome
- Food output per unit areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22–115%e0
- Qualifier
- greater under weedy conditions (38–115%) than under weed-free conditions (22–74%)e0
- Comparator
- weed-free conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Food output per unit area, measured by Land Equivalent Ratios, was increased by 22–115% by intercropping kale with beans and the increase was greater under weedy conditions (38–115%) than under weed-free conditions (22–74%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Beans did not affect kale leaf yield.
- Taxon
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
- Interactor
- beanse0other
- Outcome
- leaf yield of kalee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of beans did not affect the leaf yield of kale.”
Claim · model-written summary
Kale did not affect bean seed yield in 1994.
- Taxon
- beanse0
- Interactor
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0other
- Outcome
- seed yield of beanse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- in 1994e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of kale did not affect the seed yield of beans in 1994, but consistently reduced it by about 50% in 1993, though the difference was not significant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Kale reduced bean seed yield by about 50% in 1993, without a significant difference.
- Taxon
- beanse0
- Interactor
- kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0other
- Outcome
- seed yield of beanse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- about 50%e0
- Qualifier
- in 1993e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of kale did not affect the seed yield of beans in 1994, but consistently reduced it by about 50% in 1993, though the difference was not significant.”
The same questions in other papers
Brassica oleracea var. viridis · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
intercropping · yield · Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage)Positive and negative results
34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
39 papers more in this group
See all 43 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.