Abstract
The effects of different O2 and CO2 concentrations on the scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were investigated. Apples were harvested at optimal harvest time and stored in 1% CO2/2% O2, 2% CO2/2% O2, 3% CO2/2% O2 and 0% CO2/21% O2 (control) at 0 °C and 90-92% relative humidity for 9 months. At certain intervals, samples were collected from each storage condition for physical and chemical analysis (e.g. weight loss, flesh firmness, amount of titratable acid, total soluble solids, skin color, scald development, respiration rate and decayed fruit). Respiration rates of the apples were measured at 20 °C. The percentage of scald was significantly lower in CA-stored apples than in those stored in a normal atmosphere. In tested CA conditions, 3% CO2/2% O2 was more effective and scald incidence was retained at around 8% after 9 months of storage. There were small differences in scald incidence among the 1% CO2/2% O2, 2% CO2/2% O2 and 3% CO2/2% O2 concentrations. Apples subjected to CA-storage were firmer and had substantially higher levels of titratable acids and soluble solids than apples stored in a normal atmosphere. CA-storage delayed the loss of chlorophyll and yellowing of the skin and also prevented the incidence of decay. The respiration rate of CA-stored apples was lower than that of apples stored in a normal atmosphere at 20 °C. Flesh firmness, soluble solids, titratable acids, skin color and levels of decay were not different at the 3 tested CA concentration levels. Granny Smith apples were able to be stored for up to 9 months under 3% CO2/2% O2 with minimal superficial scald incidence and quality loss.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled atmosphere storage significantly lowered scald percentage relative to normal atmosphere.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- CA-storede0
- Outcome
- percentage of scalde0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- normal atmospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The percentage of scald was significantly lower in CA-stored apples than in those stored in a normal atmosphere.”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage under 3% CO2/2% O2 was most effective, with scald around 8% after nine months.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 3% CO2/2% O2e0
- Outcome
- scald incidencee0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Value
- 8%e0
- Qualifier
- after 9 months of storagee0
- Comparator
- tested CA conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In tested CA conditions, 3% CO2/2% O2 was more effective and scald incidence was retained at around 8% after 9 months of storage.”
t0“Effects of controlled atmosphere storage on scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Scald incidence differed only slightly among the three tested controlled atmospheres.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- scald incidencee0
- Qualifier
- small differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were small differences in scald incidence among the 1% CO2/2% O2, 2% CO2/2% O2 and 3% CO2/2% O2 concentrations.”
t0“Effects of controlled atmosphere storage on scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled atmosphere apples were firmer than normal atmosphere apples.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- CA-storagee0
- Outcome
- firmere0
- Direction
- firmere0
- Comparator
- normal atmospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apples subjected to CA-storage were firmer and had substantially higher levels of titratable acids and soluble solids than apples stored in a normal atmosphere.”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled atmosphere storage raised titratable acids and soluble solids relative to normal atmosphere.
- Taxon
- ApplesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- CA-storagee0
- Outcome
- titratable acids and soluble solidse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- normal atmospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apples subjected to CA-storage were firmer and had substantially higher levels of titratable acids and soluble solids than apples stored in a normal atmosphere.”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled atmosphere storage delayed chlorophyll loss and skin yellowing.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CA-storagee0
- Outcome
- loss of chlorophyll and yellowing of the skine0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CA-storage delayed the loss of chlorophyll and yellowing of the skin and also prevented the incidence of decay.”
t0“Effects of controlled atmosphere storage on scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled atmosphere storage prevented decay.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CA-storagee0
- Outcome
- incidence of decaye0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CA-storage delayed the loss of chlorophyll and yellowing of the skin and also prevented the incidence of decay.”
t0“Effects of controlled atmosphere storage on scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled atmosphere apples respired less than normal atmosphere apples at 20 °C.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- CA-storede0
- Outcome
- respiration ratee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 20 °Ce0
- Comparator
- normal atmospheree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The respiration rate of CA-stored apples was lower than that of apples stored in a normal atmosphere at 20 °C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Firmness, soluble solids, acids, skin color and decay did not differ across the three controlled atmospheres.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Flesh firmness, soluble solids, titratable acids, skin color and levels of decaye0
- Qualifier
- 3 tested CA concentration levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flesh firmness, soluble solids, titratable acids, skin color and levels of decay were not different at the 3 tested CA concentration levels.”
t0“Effects of controlled atmosphere storage on scald development and postharvest physiology of Granny Smith Apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Granny Smith apples could be stored for up to nine months under 3% CO2/2% O2 with minimal scald and quality loss.
Verbatim
e0“Granny Smith apples were able to be stored for up to 9 months under 3% CO2/2% O2 with minimal superficial scald incidence and quality loss.”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
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See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.