Abstract
The effects of Trichoderma harzianum, T. hamatum, T. viride, T. polysporum, and T. koningii on the wilt disease complex of chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani were investigated under field conditions during 2 consecutive years. Chickpea cultivar Avrodhi, grown in plots inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and R. solani, showed chlorosis of leaves and wilting of foliage and exhibited a 22%-25% decrease in yield. Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs) checked the severity of wilt by 25%-56% and 39%-67% and increased the yield of chickpea by 12%-28% and 8%-24% in the 2 years, respectively. The disease control and yield enhancement were highest with T. harzianum, followed by T. hamatum and T. viride. Carbendazim treatment suppressed the disease by 20%-24%, leading to a 23%-28% improvement in the yield of chickpea. The BCAs established in the soil, and their rhizosphere populations, increased in the pathogen-infested plots. The study has demonstrated that T. harzianum, T. hamatum, and T. viride may perform as well as fungicide against wilt disease in chickpeas.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea Avrodhi grown in plots inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and R. solani had a 22%-25% decrease in yield.
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Material
- Avrodhie0
- Treatment
- inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and R. solanie0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Second interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 22%-25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea cultivar Avrodhi, grown in plots inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and R. solani, showed chlorosis of leaves and wilting of foliage and exhibited a 22%-25% decrease in yield”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea plants in plots inoculated with the two pathogens showed chlorosis of leaves and wilting of foliage.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- R. solaniRhizoctonia solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- chlorosis of leaves and wilting of foliagee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chickpea cultivar Avrodhi, grown in plots inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and R. solani, showed chlorosis of leaves and wilting of foliage and exhibited a 22%-25% decrease in yield”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
In year 2 soil application of BCAs reduced wilt severity by 39%-67%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs)e0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- biocontrol agentse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- severity of wilte0
- Direction
- checkede0
- Value
- 39%-67%e0
- Qualifier
- in the 2 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs) checked the severity of wilt by 25%-56% and 39%-67% and increased the yield of chickpea by 12%-28% and 8%-24% in the 2 years, respectively”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
In year 1 soil application of BCAs increased chickpea yield by 12%-28%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs)e0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- biocontrol agentse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- yield of chickpeae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12%-28%e0
- Qualifier
- in the 2 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs) checked the severity of wilt by 25%-56% and 39%-67% and increased the yield of chickpea by 12%-28% and 8%-24% in the 2 years, respectively”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
In year 2 soil application of BCAs increased chickpea yield by 8%-24%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs)e0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- biocontrol agentse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- yield of chickpeae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 8%-24%e0
- Qualifier
- in the 2 yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil application of biocontrol agents (BCAs) checked the severity of wilt by 25%-56% and 39%-67% and increased the yield of chickpea by 12%-28% and 8%-24% in the 2 years, respectively”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease control and yield enhancement were highest with T. harzianum, followed by T. hamatum and T. viride.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume1
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- disease control and yield enhancemente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- T. hamatum and T. viridee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The disease control and yield enhancement were highest with T. harzianum, followed by T. hamatum and T. viride”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbendazim treatment suppressed the disease by 20%-24%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Carbendazim treatmente0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- the diseasee0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Value
- 20%-24%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carbendazim treatment suppressed the disease by 20%-24%, leading to a 23%-28% improvement in the yield of chickpea”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbendazim treatment led to a 23%-28% improvement in chickpea yield.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- Carbendazim treatmente0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- yield of chickpeae0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Value
- 23%-28%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Carbendazim treatment suppressed the disease by 20%-24%, leading to a 23%-28% improvement in the yield of chickpea”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
The BCAs established in the soil, and their rhizosphere populations increased in the pathogen-infested plots.
- Interactor
- BCAse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- rhizosphere populationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- pathogen-infested plotse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The BCAs established in the soil, and their rhizosphere populations, increased in the pathogen-infested plots”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that T. harzianum, T. hamatum and T. viride may perform as well as fungicide against wilt disease in chickpeas.
- Taxon
- chickpeasCicer arietinume0
- Treatment
- T. harzianum, T. hamatum, and T. viridee0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceriFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianumTrichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- wilt diseasee0
- Direction
- perform as welle0
- Comparator
- fungicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. harzianum, T. hamatum, and T. viride may perform as well as fungicide against wilt disease in chickpeas”
e1“chickpea caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri and Rhizoctonia solani”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.