Abstract
In the present study, the direct effect of ozone (O3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) exposure on growth and yield of maize (var HQPM 1) and the indirect effect on development of its herbivore pest Chilo partellus were investigated. Maize crop was exposed to different concentrations of O3 and CO2 in open top chambers (OTCs). During the exposure, maize plants at the early vegetative stage were incubated with C. partellus eggs. Changes in biomass and yield of maize plants with and without Chilo infestation under O3 and CO2 exposure were monitored. Indirect effects of O3 and CO2 on maize pest were monitored with respect to release and survival of larvae, mean body weight of fifth instar stage larvae and emergence of adults from pupae. Higher reductions in aboveground and belowground biomass were observed in maize plants with pest with respect to plants without pest during O3 and CO2 exposure. Maximum and minimum reductions in aboveground (39.5% and 4.7%) and belowground biomass (43.0% and 5.4%) were observed in maize plants grown under O3 and CO2 treatments, respectively. Reduction in yield varied from 33.8% to 15.2% for maize plants grown under different treatments as compared to plants grown under low O3 conditions. Significant changes in development of C. partellus, fed on tissues of maize plants exposed to different treatments were observed. Moreover, the mean body weight of larvae decreased with increasing O3 concentrations. Mean body weight was 62% higher and 65% lower for larvae fed on maize plant tissue exposed to CO2 and CO2+EO3, respectively, as compared to maize plants grown under low O3 conditions. Development of male and female adults from pupae was observed only from larvae isolated from ambient and CO2 treated maize plants. The present study showed that the exposure of maize crop to O3 and CO2 and its pest C. partellus, adversely affected not only maize growth and yield but also development of C. partellus. This study suggests that predicting the outcome of O3 and CO2 on crop-insect pest interactions will require comprehensive examination of behavioural growth of both harmful and beneficial insects of the agro-ecosystem.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Infested maize had greater reductions in aboveground and belowground biomass than uninfested maize under gas exposure.
- Treatment
- O3 and CO2 exposuree0
- Interactor
- peste0pest
- Outcome
- aboveground and belowground biomasse0
- Direction
- Higher reductionse0
- Comparator
- plants without peste0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher reductions in aboveground and belowground biomass were observed in maize plants with pest with respect to plants without pest during O3 and CO2 exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
Under ozone, aboveground maize biomass declined maximally by 39.5%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum reductions in aboveground (39.5% and 4.7%) and belowground biomass (43.0% and 5.4%) were observed in maize plants grown under O3 and CO2 treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under carbon dioxide, aboveground maize biomass declined minimally by 4.7%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum reductions in aboveground (39.5% and 4.7%) and belowground biomass (43.0% and 5.4%) were observed in maize plants grown under O3 and CO2 treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under ozone, belowground maize biomass declined maximally by 43.0%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum reductions in aboveground (39.5% and 4.7%) and belowground biomass (43.0% and 5.4%) were observed in maize plants grown under O3 and CO2 treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under carbon dioxide, belowground maize biomass declined minimally by 5.4%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum reductions in aboveground (39.5% and 4.7%) and belowground biomass (43.0% and 5.4%) were observed in maize plants grown under O3 and CO2 treatments, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield declined by 15.2% to 33.8% across treatments relative to low ozone.
- Treatment
- different treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Value
- 33.8% to 15.2%e0
- Comparator
- low O3 conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in yield varied from 33.8% to 15.2% for maize plants grown under different treatments as compared to plants grown under low O3 conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilo partellus development changed significantly when larvae ate maize exposed to the treatments.
- Treatment
- different treatmentse0
- Interactor
- C. partellus
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=60)
Chilo partelluse0pest - Outcome
- development of C. partelluse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Figure_27c.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Significant changes in development of C. partellus, fed on tissues of maize plants exposed to different treatments were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilo partellus larval body weight declined with increasing ozone concentration.
- Treatment
- increasing O3 concentrationse0
- Interactor
- Chilo partellusChilo partellust0pest
- Outcome
- mean body weight of larvaee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mean body weight of larvae decreased with increasing O3 concentrations”
t0“maize and its pest Chilo partellus”
Claim · model-written summary
Larvae fed CO2 exposed maize tissue had 62% higher body weight than those fed low ozone maize.
- Treatment
- CO2e0
- Interactor
- Chilo partellusChilo partellust0pest
- Outcome
- Mean body weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 62%e0
- Comparator
- low O3 conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean body weight was 62% higher and 65% lower for larvae fed on maize plant tissue exposed to CO2 and CO2+EO3, respectively, as compared to maize plants grown under low O3 conditions”
t0“maize and its pest Chilo partellus”
Claim · model-written summary
Larvae fed CO2+EO3 exposed maize tissue had 65% lower body weight than those fed low ozone maize.
- Treatment
- CO2+EO3e0
- Interactor
- Chilo partellusChilo partellust0pest
- Outcome
- Mean body weighte0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 65%e0
- Comparator
- low O3 conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean body weight was 62% higher and 65% lower for larvae fed on maize plant tissue exposed to CO2 and CO2+EO3, respectively, as compared to maize plants grown under low O3 conditions”
t0“maize and its pest Chilo partellus”
Claim · model-written summary
Adult male and female Chilo partellus emerged only from larvae on ambient and CO2 treated maize.
- Interactor
- Chilo partellusChilo partellust0pest
- Outcome
- Development of male and female adults from pupaee0
- Qualifier
- only from larvae isolated from ambient and CO2 treated maize plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Development of male and female adults from pupae was observed only from larvae isolated from ambient and CO2 treated maize plants”
t0“maize and its pest Chilo partellus”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
54 papers more in this group
See all 58 papers →ozone · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →co2 · Chilo partellus · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
ozone · Chilo partellus · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.