Abstract
Abstract Low temperature seriously depresses seed germination and seedling growth in winter wheat ( T riticum aestivum L .). In this study, wheat plants were sprayed with abscisic acid ( ABA ) and fluridone (inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis) at 19 days after anthesis ( DAA ) and repeated at 26 DAA . The seeds of those plants were harvested, and seed germination and offspring's seedling growth under low temperature were evaluated. The results showed that exogenous ABA application decreased seed weight and slightly reduced seed set and seed number per spike. Under low temperature, seeds from ABA ‐treated plants showed reduced germination rate, germination index, growth of radicle and coleoptile, amylase activity and depressed starch degradation as compared with seeds from non‐ ABA ‐treated plants; however, activities of the antioxidant enzymes in both germinating seeds and seedling were enhanced from those exposed to exogenous ABA , resulting in much lowered malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and H 2 O 2 concentrations and production rate. In addition, the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II was also enhanced in ABA ‐treated offspring's seedlings. It is concluded that exogenous ABA treatment at later grain‐filling stage could be an effective approach to improve cold tolerance of the offspring during seed germinating and seedlings establishment in winter wheat.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal ABA application decreased seed weight.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- exogenous ABA applicatione0
- Outcome
- seed weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous ABA application decreased seed weight and slightly reduced seed set and seed number per spike.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal ABA application slightly reduced seed set and seed number per spike.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABA applicatione0
- Outcome
- seed set and seed number per spikee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous ABA application decreased seed weight and slightly reduced seed set and seed number per spike.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low temperature, maternal ABA reduced germination rate and germination index relative to untreated maternal plants.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ABA ‐treated plantse0
- Outcome
- germination rate, germination indexe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- Under low temperaturee0
- Comparator
- non‐ ABA ‐treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under low temperature, seeds from ABA ‐treated plants showed reduced germination rate, germination index, growth of radicle and coleoptile, amylase activity and depressed starch degradation as compared with seeds from non‐ ABA ‐treated plants”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low temperature, maternal ABA reduced radicle and coleoptile growth.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ABA ‐treated plantse0
- Outcome
- growth of radicle and coleoptilee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- non‐ ABA ‐treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under low temperature, seeds from ABA ‐treated plants showed reduced germination rate, germination index, growth of radicle and coleoptile, amylase activity and depressed starch degradation as compared with seeds from non‐ ABA ‐treated plants”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low temperature, maternal ABA reduced amylase activity.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ABA ‐treated plantse0
- Outcome
- amylase activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- non‐ ABA ‐treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under low temperature, seeds from ABA ‐treated plants showed reduced germination rate, germination index, growth of radicle and coleoptile, amylase activity and depressed starch degradation as compared with seeds from non‐ ABA ‐treated plants”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low temperature, maternal ABA depressed starch degradation.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ABA ‐treated plantse0
- Outcome
- starch degradatione0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Comparator
- non‐ ABA ‐treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under low temperature, seeds from ABA ‐treated plants showed reduced germination rate, germination index, growth of radicle and coleoptile, amylase activity and depressed starch degradation as compared with seeds from non‐ ABA ‐treated plants”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal ABA enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in germinating seeds and seedlings.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- germinating seeds and seedlinge0
- Treatment
- exogenous ABAe0
- Outcome
- activities of the antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of the antioxidant enzymes in both germinating seeds and seedling were enhanced from those exposed to exogenous ABA”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal ABA lowered malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide concentrations and production rate.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Abscisic Acid Applicationt0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and H 2 O 2 concentrations and production ratee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resulting in much lowered malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and H 2 O 2 concentrations and production rate”
t0“Abscisic Acid Application During Grain Filling in Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Maternal ABA enhanced maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II in offspring seedlings.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- ABA ‐treatede0
- Outcome
- maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem IIe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II was also enhanced in ABA ‐treated offspring's seedlings.”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that ABA application in later grain filling could improve offspring cold tolerance during germination and establishment.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- exogenous ABA treatment at later grain‐filling stagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous ABA treatment at later grain‐filling stage could be an effective approach to improve cold tolerance of the offspring during seed germinating and seedlings establishment in winter wheat.”
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