Abstract
The fact that silicon application alleviates water deficit stress has been widely reported, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here the effects of silicon on water uptake and transport of sorghum seedlings (Sorghum bicolor L.) growing under polyethylene glycol-simulated osmotic stress in hydroponic culture and water deficit stress in sand culture were investigated. Osmotic stress dramatically decreased dry weight, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and leaf water content, but silicon application reduced these stress-induced decreases. Although silicon application had no effect on stem water transport capacity, whole-plant hydraulic conductance (Kplant) and root hydraulic conductance (Lp) were higher in silicon-treated seedlings than in those without silicon treatment under osmotic stress. Furthermore, the extent of changes in transpiration rate was similar to the changes in Kplant and Lp. The contribution of aquaporin to Lp was characterized using the aquaporin inhibitor mercury. Under osmotic stress, the exogenous application of HgCl2 decreased the transpiration rates of seedlings with and without silicon to the same level; after recovery induced by dithiothreitol (DTT), however, the transpiration rate was higher in silicon-treated seedlings than in untreated seedlings. In addition, transcription levels of several root aquaporin genes were increased by silicon application under osmotic stress. These results indicate that the silicon-induced up-regulation of aquaporin, which was thought to increase Lp, was involved in improving root water uptake under osmotic stress. This study also suggests that silicon plays a modulating role in improving plant resistance to osmotic stress in addition to its role as a mere physical barrier.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress decreased sorghum dry weight.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.
Sorghum bicolort0 - Treatment
- Osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic stress dramatically decreased dry weight, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and leaf water content”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress decreased sorghum photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic stress dramatically decreased dry weight, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and leaf water content”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress decreased transpiration rate and stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- transpiration rate, stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic stress dramatically decreased dry weight, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and leaf water content”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotic stress decreased leaf water content.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- Osmotic stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic stress dramatically decreased dry weight, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and leaf water content”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon reduced stress-induced declines in measured growth and physiological traits.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- silicon applicatione0
- Outcome
- stress-induced decreasese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but silicon application reduced these stress-induced decreases.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon did not affect stem water transport capacity.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- silicon applicatione0
- Outcome
- stem water transport capacitye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“silicon application had no effect on stem water transport capacity”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased whole-plant hydraulic conductance under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- silicon-treated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- whole-plant hydraulic conductance (Kplant)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- those without silicon treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whole-plant hydraulic conductance (Kplant) and root hydraulic conductance (Lp) were higher in silicon-treated seedlings than in those without silicon treatment under osmotic stress.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased root hydraulic conductance under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- silicon-treated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- root hydraulic conductance (Lp)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- those without silicon treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whole-plant hydraulic conductance (Kplant) and root hydraulic conductance (Lp) were higher in silicon-treated seedlings than in those without silicon treatment under osmotic stress.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration changes were similar to changes in whole-plant and root hydraulic conductance.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Outcome
- changes in transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- changes in Kplant and Lpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the extent of changes in transpiration rate was similar to the changes in Kplant and Lp.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
HgCl2 reduced transpiration to the same level in silicon-treated and untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of HgCl2e0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- seedlings with and without silicone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the exogenous application of HgCl2 decreased the transpiration rates of seedlings with and without silicon to the same level”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
After DTT recovery, silicon-treated seedlings had higher transpiration than untreated seedlings.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- silicon-treated seedlingse0
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after recovery induced by dithiothreitol (DTT), however, the transpiration rate was higher in silicon-treated seedlings than in untreated seedlings.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased transcription of several root aquaporin genes under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- silicon applicatione0
- Gene
- root aquaporin genese0
- Outcome
- transcription levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transcription levels of several root aquaporin genes were increased by silicon application under osmotic stress.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer aquaporin upregulation contributed to increased root water uptake under osmotic stress.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor L.Sorghum bicolort0
- Gene
- aquaporine0
- Outcome
- root water uptakee0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the silicon-induced up-regulation of aquaporin, which was thought to increase Lp, was involved in improving root water uptake under osmotic stress.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor L.”
The same questions in other papers
drought · physiology: photosynthesis · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →drought · physiology: gas exchange · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →drought · physiology: water · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →drought · growth · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
23 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.