Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the use of a fibrolytic enzyme product, applied at ensiling either alone or in combination with a ferulic acid esterase-producing bacterial additive, on the chemical composition, conservation characteristics, and in vitro degradability of corn silage harvested at either conventional or high cutting height. Triplicate samples of corn were harvested to leave stubble of either a conventional (15cm; NC) or high (45cm; HC) height above ground. Sub-samples of chopped herbage were ensiled untreated or with a fibrolytic enzyme product containing xylanases and cellulases applied either alone (ENZ) or in combination with a ferulic acid esterase-producing silage inoculant (ENZ+FAEI). The fibrolytic enzyme treatment was applied at 2mL of enzyme product/kg of herbage dry matter (DM), and the inoculant was applied at 1.3×10(5) cfu/g of fresh herbage. Samples were packed into laboratory-scale silos, stored for 7, 28, or 70 d, and analyzed for fermentation characteristics, and samples ensiled for 70 d were also analyzed for DM losses, chemical composition, and in vitro ruminal degradability. After 70 d of ensiling, the fermentation characteristics of corn silages were generally unaffected by cutting height, whereas the neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ash concentrations were lower and the starch concentration greater for silages made with crops harvested at HC compared with NC. After 70 d of ensiling, the acetic acid, ethanol concentrations, and the number of yeasts were greater, and the pH and neutral detergent fiber concentrations were lower, in silages produced using ENZ or ENZ+FAEI than the untreated silages, whereas ENZ+FAEI silages also incurred higher DM losses. No effect of additive treatment was observed on in vitro degradability indices after 48h ruminal incubation. The use of a fibrolytic enzyme product, either alone or in combination with a ferulic acid esterase-producing inoculant, at ensiling did not improve corn silage fermentation or its nutritive value and resulted in some negative effects on these parameters. The effects of using a fibrolytic enzyme product at ensiling, either alone or in combination with a ferulic acid esterase-producing inoculant, did not differ between corn harvested at either NC or HC. Silage made from HC had a greater starch content and lower fiber content than NC silage, whereas cutting height did not affect the in vitro digestibility indices.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting height generally did not affect fermentation characteristics after 70 days.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- cutting heighte0
- Outcome
- fermentation characteristicse0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
- Qualifier
- After 70 d of ensilinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 70 d of ensiling, the fermentation characteristics of corn silages were generally unaffected by cutting height”
Claim · model-written summary
High cutting height lowered neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and ash concentrations relative to conventional height.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- HCe0
- Outcome
- neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ash concentrationse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- NCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ash concentrations were lower and the starch concentration greater for silages made with crops harvested at HC compared with NC”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
High cutting height increased starch concentration relative to conventional height.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- HCe0
- Outcome
- starch concentratione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- NCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the starch concentration greater for silages made with crops harvested at HC compared with NC”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme treatments increased silage acetic acid, ethanol and yeast counts relative to untreated silage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ENZ or ENZ+FAEIe0
- Outcome
- acetic acid, ethanol concentrations, and the number of yeastse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- untreated silagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the acetic acid, ethanol concentrations, and the number of yeasts were greater, and the pH and neutral detergent fiber concentrations were lower, in silages produced using ENZ or ENZ+FAEI than the untreated silages”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Enzyme treatments lowered pH and neutral detergent fiber concentration relative to untreated silage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ENZ or ENZ+FAEIe0
- Outcome
- pH and neutral detergent fiber concentrationse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- untreated silagese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pH and neutral detergent fiber concentrations were lower, in silages produced using ENZ or ENZ+FAEI than the untreated silages”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined enzyme and inoculant treatment increased dry matter losses.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ENZ+FAEIe0
- Outcome
- DM lossese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ENZ+FAEI silages also incurred higher DM losses”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Additive treatment had no observed effect on in vitro degradability after 48 hours of ruminal incubation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- additive treatmente0
- Outcome
- in vitro degradability indicese0
- Direction
- No effecte0
- Qualifier
- after 48h ruminal incubatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No effect of additive treatment was observed on in vitro degradability indices after 48h ruminal incubation”
t0“corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Additive effects did not differ between the two cutting heights.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- fibrolytic enzyme producte0
- Outcome
- effectse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Comparator
- NC or HCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of using a fibrolytic enzyme product at ensiling, either alone or in combination with a ferulic acid esterase-producing inoculant, did not differ between corn harvested at either NC or HC”
Claim · model-written summary
Cutting height did not affect in vitro digestibility indices.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- cutting heighte0
- Outcome
- in vitro digestibility indicese0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cutting height did not affect the in vitro digestibility indices”
t0“corn”
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- positive
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.