Abstract
Under field conditions the occurrence of brief periods of moderately high (30–32°C) and very high temperatures (>35°C) is quite common during grain filling in small-grain cereals. These events occur under a wide range of different management and environmental conditions, such as different nitrogen supplies and source–sink ratios after flowering. The objective of the present work was to study whether the effect of a brief heat stress is modified by resource availability for the growing grains. We subjected spikes of barley 10 days after flowering to a heat treatment in factorial combination with different nitrogen availabilities and source–sink ratios during post-flowering to determine effects on grain weight and major malting quality attributes. Grain weight and screening percentage (proportion of grains <2.5 mm) were reduced by the mild heat stress. However, the magnitude of the effect was dependent on the nitrogen fertilisation and the source–sink treatments in which the heat stress was imposed. Grain protein and ß-glucan percentages were increased by both nitrogen fertilisation and heat stress. Again, the magnitude of the increase was dependent upon the availability of resources. There was a trend to reduce malt extract in all treatments with respect to the control, but the reduction was only statistically significant with heat stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Mild heat stress reduced barley grain weight.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- mild heat stresse0
- Outcome
- Grain weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Grain weight and screening percentage (proportion of grains <2.5 mm) were reduced by the mild heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild heat stress reduced barley screening percentage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- mild heat stresse0
- Outcome
- screening percentagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain weight and screening percentage (proportion of grains <2.5 mm) were reduced by the mild heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilisation and source–sink treatments modified the magnitude of heat effects on grain weight and screening percentage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilisation and the source–sink treatmentse0
- Outcome
- magnitude of the effecte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the magnitude of the effect was dependent on the nitrogen fertilisation and the source–sink treatments in which the heat stress was imposed”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilisation increased barley grain protein percentage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- Grain proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain protein and ß-glucan percentages were increased by both nitrogen fertilisation and heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased barley grain protein percentage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- Grain proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain protein and ß-glucan percentages were increased by both nitrogen fertilisation and heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilisation increased barley ß-glucan percentage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- nitrogen fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- ß-glucan percentagese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain protein and ß-glucan percentages were increased by both nitrogen fertilisation and heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress increased barley ß-glucan percentage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- ß-glucan percentagese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain protein and ß-glucan percentages were increased by both nitrogen fertilisation and heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Resource availability modified the magnitude of increases in barley protein and ß-glucan.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- magnitude of the increasee0
- Qualifier
- availability of resourcese0
Not reportedTreatmentDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the magnitude of the increase was dependent upon the availability of resources”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments tended to reduce barley malt extract relative to control.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- malt extracte0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a trend to reduce malt extract in all treatments with respect to the control”
t0“barley grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Only heat stress significantly reduced barley malt extract.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- heat stresse0
- Outcome
- malt extracte1
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the reduction was only statistically significant with heat stress”
t0“barley grains”
e1“There was a trend to reduce malt extract in all treatments with respect to the control”
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See all 79 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.