Abstract
Abstract Effects of chloride (Cl) fertilisers (NaCl and KCl) on the ionic composition (K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , NH + 4 , H 2 PO ‐ 4 , SO 2‐ 4 , Cl ‐ , NO ‐ 3 ), and cation‐anion (C‐A) balance and ratio of fodder beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) were studied under field conditions on two New Zealand soils (Templeton siltloam, Dystic Ustochrept; and Wakanui silt loam, Aquic Eutrochrept). In both soils, at mid season and final harvest, Cl application at 360 kg/ha (590 kg NaCl and 758 kg KCl) increased root K + and Cl ‐ , and Cl ‐ in tops consistently but not K + in tops. The sum of cations (SC) and C‐A remained unaffected whereas the sum of anions (SA) increased. With increasing rates of NaCl, root cations were not significantly affected whereas topsand root Cl ‐ increased linearly, indicating that Cl ‐ was easily absorbed and accumulated in both tops and roots of the beet crop. The beet crop maintained constant SC and C‐A balance within the range of 0–1180 kg NaCl/ha applied, but the SA increased linearly with increasing rates of NaCl applied. The ratio (RCA) of SC and SA provided a more consistent and reliable index of yield compared with C‐A balance. Beets with low RCA were apparently associated with high fresh and dry root yields and fresh sugar yield.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride application increased root potassium and chloride.
- Taxon
- fodder beett0
- Treatment
- Cl application at 360 kg/hae0
- Outcome
- root K + and Cl ‐e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cl application at 360 kg/ha (590 kg NaCl and 758 kg KCl) increased root K + and Cl ‐”
t0“fodder beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Chloride application increased chloride in beet tops but not potassium.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“Cl ‐ in tops consistently but not K + in tops”
t0“fodder beet”
e1“Cl application at 360 kg/ha (590 kg NaCl and 758 kg KCl) increased root K + and Cl ‐”
Claim · model-written summary
Sum of cations and cation–anion balance remained unaffected by chloride application.
- Taxon
- fodder beett0
- Treatment
- Cl applicatione1
- Outcome
- sum of cations (SC) and C‐Ae0
- Direction
- remained unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The sum of cations (SC) and C‐A remained unaffected”
t0“fodder beet”
e1“Cl application at 360 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Sum of anions increased with chloride application.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the sum of anions (SA) increased”
t0“fodder beet”
e1“Cl application at 360 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NaCl rates did not significantly affect root cations.
- Taxon
- fodder beett0
- Treatment
- increasing rates of NaCle0
- Outcome
- root cationse0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“With increasing rates of NaCl, root cations were not significantly affected”
t0“fodder beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing NaCl rates linearly increased chloride in beet tops and roots.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“topsand root Cl ‐ increased linearly”
t0“fodder beet”
e1“With increasing rates of NaCl”
Claim · model-written summary
Beets maintained constant cation sum and cation–anion balance across the tested NaCl range.
- Taxon
- beet
Beta vulgarise0 - Outcome
- SC and C‐A balancee0
- Direction
- constante0
- Qualifier
- 0–1180 kg NaCl/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The beet crop maintained constant SC and C‐A balance within the range of 0–1180 kg NaCl/ha applied”
Claim · model-written summary
Anion sum rose linearly as NaCl rate rose.
Verbatim
e0“the SA increased linearly with increasing rates of NaCl applied”
t0“fodder beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Cation to anion ratio was a more reliable yield index than cation–anion balance.
Verbatim
e0“The ratio (RCA) of SC and SA provided a more consistent and reliable index of yield compared with C‐A balance”
t0“fodder beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Low cation to anion ratio was associated with high fresh and dry root yields and fresh sugar yield.
- Taxon
- BeetsBeta vulgarise0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry root yields and fresh sugar yielde0
- Direction
- highe0
- Qualifier
- low RCAe0
- Comparator
- RCAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beets with low RCA were apparently associated with high fresh and dry root yields and fresh sugar yield”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · molecular: metabolites · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.