Abstract
For many insect-vectored plant viruses, the relationship between feeding behavior and vector competence may prove integral to an understanding of the epidemiology of the resulting plant disease. While plant-infecting viruses are well known to change host plant physiology in a way that makes them more attractive to vectors, viral manipulation of the vectors themselves has only recently been reported. Previous research suggested that the rapid spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) throughout China has been facilitated by its primary vector, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato) and vector (B. tabaci biotypes B and Q) on whitefly feeding behavior. Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q both appeared to find TYLCV-infected plants more attractive, probing them more quickly and having a greater number of feeding bouts; this did not, however, alter the total time spent feeding. Viruliferous whiteflies fed more readily than uninfected whiteflies and spent more time salivating into sieve tube elements. Because vector salivation is essential for viral transmission, this virally mediated alteration of behavior should provide TYLCV a direct fitness benefit. This is the first report of such manipulation by a nonpropagative virus that belongs to an exclusively plant-infecting family of viruses (Geminiviridae). In the context of previous research showing that feeding on TYLCV-infected plants harms biotype B but helps biotype Q, the fact that both biotypes were equally affected by TYLCV also suggests that the virus may alter the biotype B-biotype Q competitive interaction in favor of biotype Q.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q found TYLCV-infected tomato plants more attractive, probing them more quickly.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume7 - Material
- biotypes B and Qe1
- Treatment
- TYLCV infection of the host plante7
- Interactor
- WhitefliesAleyrodoideae1pest
- Second interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- probinge1
- Direction
- more quicklye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e1“Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q both appeared to find TYLCV-infected plants more attractive, probing them more quickly and having a greater number of feeding bouts”
Claim · model-written summary
Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q had a greater number of feeding bouts on TYLCV-infected tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Material
- biotypes B and Qe1
- Treatment
- TYLCV infection of the host plante7
- Interactor
- WhitefliesAleyrodoideae1pest
- Second interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse1pathogen
- Outcome
- number of feeding boutse1
- Direction
- greatere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e1“Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q both appeared to find TYLCV-infected plants more attractive, probing them more quickly and having a greater number of feeding bouts”
Claim · model-written summary
TYLCV infection did not alter the total time whiteflies spent feeding on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- TYLCV infection of the host plante7
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae1pest
- Outcome
- total time spent feedinge2
- Direction
- did not, however, altere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e2“this did not, however, alter the total time spent feeding”
e1“Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q both appeared to find TYLCV-infected plants more attractive, probing them more quickly and having a greater number of feeding bouts”
Claim · model-written summary
Viruliferous whiteflies fed more readily on tomato than uninfected whiteflies.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- Viruliferouse3
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae3pest
- Outcome
- feedinge1
- Direction
- more readilye3
- Comparator
- uninfected whitefliese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e3“Viruliferous whiteflies fed more readily than uninfected whiteflies and spent more time salivating into sieve tube elements”
e1“Whiteflies of biotypes B and Q both appeared to find TYLCV-infected plants more attractive, probing them more quickly and having a greater number of feeding bouts”
Claim · model-written summary
Viruliferous whiteflies spent more time salivating into sieve tube elements than uninfected whiteflies.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- Viruliferouse3
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae3pest
- Outcome
- salivating into sieve tube elementse3
- Direction
- more timee3
- Comparator
- uninfected whitefliese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e3“Viruliferous whiteflies fed more readily than uninfected whiteflies and spent more time salivating into sieve tube elements”
Claim · model-written summary
Virally mediated alteration of whitefly behaviour is expected to give TYLCV a direct fitness benefit.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse4pathogen
- Outcome
- direct fitness benefite4
- Qualifier
- virally mediated alteration of behaviore4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e4“this virally mediated alteration of behavior should provide TYLCV a direct fitness benefit”
Claim · model-written summary
The study reports the first manipulation of a vector by a nonpropagative virus of the family Geminiviridae.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Interactor
- nonpropagative viruse5pathogen
- Outcome
- manipulatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e5“This is the first report of such manipulation by a nonpropagative virus that belongs to an exclusively plant-infecting family of viruses (Geminiviridae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both whitefly biotypes were equally affected by TYLCV.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Material
- both biotypese6
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse6pathogen
- Outcome
- equally affectede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conducted two experiments testing the impact of TYLCV infection of the host plant (tomato)”
e6“both biotypes were equally affected by TYLCV”
The same questions in other papers
infection · Aleyrodoidea · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.