Abstract
Chromoplastogenesis during flower development and fruit ripening involves the dramatic overaccumulation of carotenoids sequestered into structures containing lipids and proteins called plastid lipid-associated proteins (PAPs). CHRC, a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) PAP, has been suggested to be transcriptionally activated in carotenoid-accumulating flowers by gibberellin (GA). Mybys, a MYB-like trans-activator identified here, may represent a chromoplastogenesis-related factor: Its expression is flower specific and parallels that of ChrC during flower development; moreover, as revealed by stable ectopic and transient-expression assays, it specifically trans-activates ChrC promoter in flowers accumulating carotenoids and flavonoids. A detailed dissection of ChrC promoter revealed a GA-responsive element, gacCTCcaa, the mutation of which abolished ChrC activation by GA. This cis-element is different from the GARE motif and is involved in ChrC activation probably via negative regulation, similar to other GA-responsive systems. The GA responsiveness and MYBYS floral activation of the ChrC promoter do not overlap with respect to cis-elements. To study the functionality of CHRC, which is activated in vegetative tissues similar to other PAPs by various biotic and abiotic stresses, we employed a tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plant system and generated RNAi-transgenic lines with suppressed LeCHRC. Transgenic flowers accumulated approximately 30% less carotenoids per unit protein than controls, indicating an interrelationship between PAPs and flower-specific carotenoid accumulation in chromoplasts. Moreover, the transgenic LeCHRC-suppressed plants were significantly more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea infection, suggesting CHRC's involvement in plant protection under stress conditions and supporting the general, evolutionarily preserved role of PAPs.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Mybys expression was flower specific and paralleled ChrC during flower development in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Organ / stage
- flowere1
- Gene
- Mybyse2
- Outcome
- expressione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CHRC, a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) PAP”
e1“Its expression is flower specific and parallels that of ChrC during flower development”
e2“Mybys, a MYB-like trans-activator identified here”
Claim · model-written summary
Mybys specifically transactivated the ChrC promoter in flowers accumulating carotenoids and flavonoids.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Organ / stage
- flowerse1
- Gene
- Mybyse2
- Outcome
- trans-activates ChrC promotere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CHRC, a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) PAP”
e1“it specifically trans-activates ChrC promoter in flowers accumulating carotenoids and flavonoids”
e2“Mybys, a MYB-like trans-activator identified here”
Claim · model-written summary
Mutation of the GA-responsive gacCTCcaa element abolished GA activation of ChrC.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- mutatione1
- Gene
- ChrCe1
- Outcome
- ChrC activation by GAe1
- Direction
- abolishede1
- Qualifier
- GA-responsive element, gacCTCcaae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CHRC, a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) PAP”
e1“A detailed dissection of ChrC promoter revealed a GA-responsive element, gacCTCcaa, the mutation of which abolished ChrC activation by GA.”
Claim · model-written summary
The GA-responsive element differed from GARE and appeared to act through negative regulation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Gene
- ChrCe1
- Outcome
- ChrC activatione1
- Qualifier
- probably via negative regulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CHRC, a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) PAP”
e1“This cis-element is different from the GARE motif and is involved in ChrC activation probably via negative regulation”
Claim · model-written summary
GA responsiveness and MYBYS activation of ChrC used nonoverlapping cis-elements.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Gene
- ChrCe1
- Outcome
- do not overlap with respect to cis-elementse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CHRC, a cucumber (Cucumis sativus) PAP”
e1“The GA responsiveness and MYBYS floral activation of the ChrC promoter do not overlap with respect to cis-elements.”
Claim · model-written summary
LeCHRC-suppressed tomato flowers accumulated approximately 30% less carotenoids per unit protein than controls.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Material
- RNAi-transgenic linese2
- Organ / stage
- flowerse1
- Treatment
- suppressed LeCHRCe2
- Gene
- LeCHRCe2
- Outcome
- carotenoids per unit proteine1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Value
- approximately 30%e1
- Comparator
- controlse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plant system”
e1“Transgenic flowers accumulated approximately 30% less carotenoids per unit protein than controls”
e2“RNAi-transgenic lines with suppressed LeCHRC”
Claim · model-written summary
LeCHRC-suppressed tomato plants were significantly more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea infection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- suppressed LeCHRCe2
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae1pathogen - Gene
- LeCHRCe1
- Outcome
- susceptible to Botrytis cinerea infectione1
- Direction
- more susceptiblee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plant system”
e1“the transgenic LeCHRC-suppressed plants were significantly more susceptible to Botrytis cinerea infection”
e2“RNAi-transgenic lines with suppressed LeCHRC”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · molecular: metabolites · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
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