Abstract
The application of an undiluted paraffin extract of pyrethrum for controlling Antestia and Lygus simonyi on coffee trees is described. (1) The spray is applied with a small hand “ atomiser,” using 20 cc. of extract to a tree, and spraying under a cloth cover. (2) Tables are given with detailed figures in which the different methods of application may be compared. The kill of Antestia brought down by the most favourable method is 99%. (3) The proportion of insects brought down by the spray is in the neighbourhood of 96%. It appears that in practice a kill not much below 95% should be possible. (4) Of the Lygus on trees sprayed, 99% were brought down and the kill of these was complete. (5) The method is a dual control for Antestia and Lygus , and examples are given of trees sprayed when both these insects were present in serious numbers. (6) An experimental field spraying against Lygus is described in detail. It was shown that the numbers of Lygus could be kept below two to a tree by this spraying, and the proportion of fruit set on the sprayed block to that on the control was 3 : 2, indicating an increase of about 8 cwt. an acre. (7) The technique of the experimental sprayings, by which the detailed figures in the tables were obtained, is described. It is believed that these methods will be of more extended value in the experimental testing of sprays in the field.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The kill of Antestia by the most favourable spray method was 99%.
Coffea
AntestiaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e1“The kill of Antestia brought down by the most favourable method is 99%”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of insects brought down by the spray was about 96%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e2“The proportion of insects brought down by the spray is in the neighbourhood of 96%”
Claim · model-written summary
In practice a kill not much below 95% should be possible.
- Outcome
- a kill not much below 95% should be possiblee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e3“It appears that in practice a kill not much below 95% should be possible”
Claim · model-written summary
Of the Lygus on sprayed trees, 99% were brought down.
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
LygusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e4“Of the Lygus on trees sprayed, 99% were brought down and the kill of these was complete”
Claim · model-written summary
The kill of the sprayed Lygus was complete.
- Outcome
- the kill of these was completee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e4“Of the Lygus on trees sprayed, 99% were brought down and the kill of these was complete”
Claim · model-written summary
The method is a dual control for Antestia and Lygus on coffee.
- Outcome
- dual control for Antestia and Lyguse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e5“The method is a dual control for Antestia and Lygus”
Claim · model-written summary
Experimental field spraying against Lygus kept their numbers below two per tree.
- Treatment
- field spraying against Lyguse6
- Outcome
- numbers of Lyguse7
- Direction
- kept belowe7
- Value
- two to a treee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e6“An experimental field spraying against Lygus is described in detail”
e7“It was shown that the numbers of Lygus could be kept below two to a tree by this spraying”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying raised the fruit set ratio on the sprayed block to 3:2 of the control, an increase of about 8 cwt. per acre.
- Treatment
- sprayed blocke0
- Outcome
- fruit sete0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 8 cwt. an acree0
- Qualifier
- the proportion of fruit set on the sprayed block to that on the control was 3 : 2e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Coffee in Kenya”
e0“the proportion of fruit set on the sprayed block to that on the control was 3 : 2, indicating an increase of about 8 cwt. an acre”
The same questions in other papers
application · organism · Coffea (coffee)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
application · yield · Coffea (coffee)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.