Abstract
SUMMARY Field experiments comparing six spraying programmes and two fungicides for control of coffee berry disease were carried out at three sites during 1968. These established that protection of the crop by sprays applied throughout the long rains (February–July) gave the best control and increased yields threefold. Early season spray programmes, which reduced the sporulating capacity of the pathogen in coffee twigs, but which ceased before the end of the rainy season, gave no disease control in the late crop (harvested October‐December) and yields were less than in unsprayed controls. All programmes which gave protection at the onset of the rains gave some disease control in the early crop (harvested June‐August). Captafol (‘Ortho‐Difolatan’ 80 WP) was better than a 50% copper formulation (‘Perenox’). Conditions suitable for infection, as determined from meteorological records, occurred frequently during both rainy seasons. Estimates of sporulating capacity and data from spore trappings showed that although inoculum from the bark might initiate an epidemic, subsequent disease progress was more dependent upon spores derived from diseased berries; these accounted for most of the inoculum dispersed during the greater part of the season. Removal of the early crop, which was very small, had no detectable effect on disease in the late crop. Although losses were greatest with early season spray programmes, these did nevertheless delay the onset of the epidemic. However, the subsequent rate of disease increase was greatest and ‘scab’ lesion formation least in these treatments. ‘Scab’ lesions were most abundant in those treatments which caused least delay; in unsprayed coffee, it appeared that early exposure to infection resulted in ‘scab’ lesion formation which subsequently retarded the rate of disease progress. Tree height was positively correlated with disease incidence, but there was little effect of tree aspect. Crop density had a small effect on disease incidence within branches.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying throughout the long rains gave the best coffee berry disease control.
- Treatment
- sprays applied throughout the long rains (February–July)e0
- Outcome
- best controle0
- Direction
- beste0
CoffeaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protection of the crop by sprays applied throughout the long rains (February–July) gave the best control and increased yields threefold.”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying throughout the long rains increased yields threefold.
- Treatment
- sprays applied throughout the long rains (February–July)e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- threefolde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protection of the crop by sprays applied throughout the long rains (February–July) gave the best control and increased yields threefold.”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Early season programmes reduced pathogen sporulation in coffee twigs.
- Organ / stage
- twigse0
- Treatment
- Early season spray programmese0
- Outcome
- sporulating capacity of the pathogene0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early season spray programmes, which reduced the sporulating capacity of the pathogen in coffee twigs”
Claim · model-written summary
Early season spraying that stopped before the rains ended did not control disease in the late crop.
- Treatment
- Early season spray programmese0
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- no disease controle0
- Qualifier
- late crop (harvested October‐December)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early season spray programmes, which reduced the sporulating capacity of the pathogen in coffee twigs, but which ceased before the end of the rainy season, gave no disease control in the late crop (harvested October‐December)”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Early season spraying yielded less than unsprayed controls.
- Treatment
- Early season spray programmest1
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- unsprayed controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields were less than in unsprayed controls.”
t0“coffee”
t1“Early season spray programmes”
Claim · model-written summary
Spray programmes protecting at the onset of rains controlled disease in the early crop.
- Treatment
- programmes which gave protection at the onset of the rainse0
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Qualifier
- early crop (harvested June‐August)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All programmes which gave protection at the onset of the rains gave some disease control in the early crop (harvested June‐August).”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Captafol performed better than a 50% copper formulation.
- Treatment
- Captafol (‘Ortho‐Difolatan’ 80 WP)e0
- Outcome
- bettere0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- 50% copper formulation (‘Perenox’)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Captafol (‘Ortho‐Difolatan’ 80 WP) was better than a 50% copper formulation (‘Perenox’).”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Weather conditions suitable for infection occurred often in both rainy seasons.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Conditions suitable for infection, as determined from meteorological records, occurred frequently during both rainy seasons.”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Diseased berries supplied most dispersed inoculum for much of the season.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spores derived from diseased berries; these accounted for most of the inoculum dispersed during the greater part of the season.”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the early crop had no detectable effect on late crop disease.
- Treatment
- Removal of the early crope0
- Outcome
- disease in the late crope0
- Direction
- no detectable effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Removal of the early crop, which was very small, had no detectable effect on disease in the late crop.”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Early season spray programmes delayed epidemic onset.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these did nevertheless delay the onset of the epidemic.”
t0“coffee”
t1“Early season spray programmes”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease increased fastest under early season spray programmes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the subsequent rate of disease increase was greatest and ‘scab’ lesion formation least in these treatments.”
t0“coffee”
t1“Early season spray programmes”
Claim · model-written summary
Scab lesions were least frequent under early season spray programmes.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the subsequent rate of disease increase was greatest and ‘scab’ lesion formation least in these treatments.”
t0“coffee”
t1“Early season spray programmes”
Claim · model-written summary
Scab lesions were most abundant where treatment delayed epidemics least.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Scab’ lesions were most abundant in those treatments which caused least delay”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Tree height correlated positively with disease incidence.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tree height was positively correlated with disease incidence”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Tree aspect had little effect on disease incidence.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was little effect of tree aspect.”
t0“coffee”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop density had a small effect on within-branch disease incidence.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop density had a small effect on disease incidence within branches.”
t0“coffee”
The same questions in other papers
climate site · yield · Coffea (coffee)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
application · control · Coffea (coffee)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →application · yield · Coffea (coffee)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →climate site · control · Coffea (coffee)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
rainfall · yield · Coffea (coffee)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.