Paper · 1945 · Botanical Gazette

Effect of Commercial Fertilizers on the Sex Expression of Hemp

C. A. Black

5
claims
13
verbatim quotes
7
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Eight field experiments with hemp were conducted in Iowa in which was determined the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers on the relative numbers of male and female plants. Phosphorus produced a statistically significant increase in percentage of male plants in one experiment and a decrease in another. Potassium produced a significant increase in percentage of male plants in one experiment. No significant effects were produced by nitrogen. All differences due to fertilizers were small, the sex ratios varying but little between treatments.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus significantly increased the percentage of male hemp plants in one experiment.

Treatment
Phosphoruse1
Outcome
percentage of male plantse1
Direction
increasee1
Qualifier
in one experimente1
Setting
Iowae0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Bastique assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Sex Expression of Hemp”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 40–62 · show in text ↑
e0

“Eight field experiments with hemp were conducted in Iowa”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–56 · show in text ↑
e1

“Phosphorus produced a statistically significant increase in percentage of male plants in one experiment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 194–297 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phosphorus decreased the percentage of male hemp plants in another experiment.

Treatment
Phosphoruse1
Outcome
percentage of male plantse1
Direction
decreasee2
Qualifier
in anothere2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Bastique assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Sex Expression of Hemp”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 40–62 · show in text ↑
e1

“Phosphorus produced a statistically significant increase in percentage of male plants in one experiment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 194–297 · show in text ↑
e2

“and a decrease in another”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 298–323 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium significantly increased the percentage of male hemp plants in one experiment.

Treatment
Potassiume3
Outcome
percentage of male plantse3
Direction
increasee3
Qualifier
in one experimente3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Bastique assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Sex Expression of Hemp”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 40–62 · show in text ↑
e3

“Potassium produced a significant increase in percentage of male plants in one experiment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 325–413 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Nitrogen had no significant effect on the relative numbers of male and female hemp plants.

Treatment
nitrogene4
Outcome
relative numbers of male and female plantse6
Direction
no_changeinferrede4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Bastique assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Sex Expression of Hemp”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 40–62 · show in text ↑
e4

“No significant effects were produced by nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 415–463 · show in text ↑
e6

“on the relative numbers of male and female plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 143–192 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Differences in hemp sex ratios due to fertilizers were small, with sex ratios varying little between treatments.

Outcome
sex ratiose5
Qualifier
All differences due to fertilizers were smalle5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa · TaxonNo machine-readable author provided. Bastique assumed (based on copyright claims). · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Sex Expression of Hemp”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 40–62 · show in text ↑
e5

“All differences due to fertilizers were small, the sex ratios varying but little between treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 465–564 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · nutrient: content · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.