Abstract
The competitive advantage of barley compared with wheat was quantified for suppressing seed production of Avena ludoviciana Durieu. (wild oats) and Phalaris paradoxa L. (paradoxa grass), and for improving herbicide effectiveness on these major winter grass weeds of the subtropical grain region of Australia. Eight field experiments were broadcast with weed seed before sowing wheat or barley, in which the emerged weeds were then treated with 4 herbicide doses (0, 25, 50, 100% of recommended rates). Yield reduction from untreated weeds was on average 4 times greater in wheat than in barley, with greater losses from A. ludoviciana than P. paradoxa . Barley did not affect weed emergence, but suppressed weed tiller density and, to a lesser extent, the number of weed seeds per tiller. Seed production was, on average, 4340 and 5105 seeds/m2 for A. ludoviciana and P. paradoxa , respectively, in untreated wheat compared with 555 and 50 seeds/m2 in untreated barley. Weed seed production following treatment with 25% herbicide rate in barley was similar or less than that after treatment with 100% herbicide rate in wheat. Overall, 25% herbicide rate was optimal for both conserving yield and minimising weed seed production in barley. For wheat, maximum yield was achieved with 50% herbicide but weed seed production was lowest with 100% herbicide rate. This indicates that weeds can be effectively controlled in barley with considerably less herbicide than required in wheat, highlighting the importance of including barley as a part of weed management strategies that aim to reduce herbicide inputs.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated weeds reduced yield on average four times more in wheat than barley.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Outcome
- Yield reduction from untreated weedse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 4 timese0
- Comparator
- barleye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield reduction from untreated weeds was on average 4 times greater in wheat than in barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Avena ludoviciana caused greater yield losses than Phalaris paradoxa.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Interactor
- A. ludoviciana
.jpg?width=60)
Avena sterilis subsp. ludovicianae0weed - Outcome
- lossese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- P. paradoxae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“with greater losses from A. ludoviciana than P. paradoxa”
t0“barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley did not affect weed emergence.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Barleye0
- Outcome
- weed emergencee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- wheate1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley did not affect weed emergence”
e1“wheat or barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley suppressed weed tiller density and, less strongly, weed seeds per tiller.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Barleye0
- Outcome
- weed tiller density and, to a lesser extent, the number of weed seeds per tillere0
- Direction
- suppressede0
- Comparator
- wheate1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Barley did not affect weed emergence, but suppressed weed tiller density and, to a lesser extent, the number of weed seeds per tiller”
e1“wheat or barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Avena ludoviciana produced 4340 seeds/m2 in untreated wheat versus 555 seeds/m2 in untreated barley.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- A. ludovicianaAvena sterilis subsp. ludovicianae0weed
- Outcome
- Seed productione0
- Value
- 4340e0
- Qualifier
- 555 and 50 seeds/m2 in untreated barleye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed production was, on average, 4340 and 5105 seeds/m2 for A. ludoviciana and P. paradoxa , respectively, in untreated wheat compared with 555 and 50 seeds/m2 in untreated barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Phalaris paradoxa produced 5105 seeds/m2 in untreated wheat versus 50 seeds/m2 in untreated barley.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- P. paradoxa
Phalaris paradoxae0weed - Outcome
- Seed productione0
- Value
- 5105 seeds/m2e0
- Qualifier
- 555 and 50 seeds/m2 in untreated barleye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed production was, on average, 4340 and 5105 seeds/m2 for A. ludoviciana and P. paradoxa , respectively, in untreated wheat compared with 555 and 50 seeds/m2 in untreated barley”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25% herbicide rate in barley, weed seed production was similar to or lower than at 100% rate in wheat.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- 25% herbicide ratee0
- Outcome
- Weed seed productione0
- Direction
- similar or lesse0
- Comparator
- 100% herbicide rate in wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed seed production following treatment with 25% herbicide rate in barley was similar or less than that after treatment with 100% herbicide rate in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identified 25% herbicide rate as optimal for barley yield conservation and weed seed reduction.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- 25% herbicide ratee0
- Outcome
- conserving yield and minimising weed seed productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“25% herbicide rate was optimal for both conserving yield and minimising weed seed production in barley”
Claim · model-written summary
In wheat, maximum yield occurred with 50% herbicide.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 50% herbicidee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For wheat, maximum yield was achieved with 50% herbicide but weed seed production was lowest with 100% herbicide rate”
Claim · model-written summary
In wheat, weed seed production was lowest at 100% herbicide rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100% herbicide ratee0
- Outcome
- weed seed productione0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For wheat, maximum yield was achieved with 50% herbicide but weed seed production was lowest with 100% herbicide rate”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · weed · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
25 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.