Abstract
Two studies were conducted near Bronson, MI, to determine gladiolus tolerance and weed control with flumioxazin and other herbicide treatments. The first study was conducted in 2002, 2003, and 2004 to evaluate weed control and gladiolus injury with flumioxazin and 14 other preemergence treatments. Crop injury over the 3-yr period was less than 6% and was considered commercially acceptable with flumioxazin, linuron, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prometryn, S -metolachlor, and sulfentrazone. Gladiolus stand count, height, and flower count were similar to those of the nontreated control with these treatments. Clomazone, halosulfuron, imazamox, imazapic, mesotrione, oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron resulted in unacceptable crop injury. Of the acceptable treatments, only flumioxazin controlled common ragweed, yellow nutsedge, and foxtail species at least 68%. The second study was conducted in 2003 and 2004. Flumioxazin was evaluated at four rates, in mixtures with S -metolachlor and oryzalin, and in comparison with isoxaben plus oryzalin. Gladiolus injury did not exceed 6%. Common ragweed, annual grass, and yellow nutsedge control were at least 63% with all flumioxazin treatments.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seven preemergence herbicides caused less than 6% commercially acceptable gladiolus injury.
- Treatment
- flumioxazin, linuron, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prometryn, S -metolachlor, and sulfentrazonee0
- Outcome
- Crop injurye0
- Value
- less than 6%e0
GladiolusNot reportedComparatorSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop injury over the 3-yr period was less than 6% and was considered commercially acceptable with flumioxazin, linuron, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prometryn, S -metolachlor, and sulfentrazone.”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
Gladiolus stand, height, and flower count were similar to untreated controls with the acceptable herbicides.
- Treatment
- flumioxazin, linuron, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prometryn, S -metolachlor, and sulfentrazonee1
- Outcome
- stand count, height, and flower counte0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gladiolus stand count, height, and flower count were similar to those of the nontreated control with these treatments.”
e1“Crop injury over the 3-yr period was less than 6% and was considered commercially acceptable with flumioxazin, linuron, oryzalin, pendimethalin, prometryn, S -metolachlor, and sulfentrazone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Eight other herbicides caused unacceptable gladiolus injury.
- Treatment
- Clomazone, halosulfuron, imazamox, imazapic, mesotrione, oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, and trifloxysulfurone0
- Outcome
- crop injurye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Clomazone, halosulfuron, imazamox, imazapic, mesotrione, oxyfluorfen, rimsulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron resulted in unacceptable crop injury.”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin controlled common ragweed at least 68%.
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- common ragweed
Ambrosia artemisiifoliae0weed - Outcome
- common ragweede0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- at least 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only flumioxazin controlled common ragweed, yellow nutsedge, and foxtail species at least 68%”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin controlled yellow nutsedge at least 68%.
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- yellow nutsedgee0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- at least 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only flumioxazin controlled common ragweed, yellow nutsedge, and foxtail species at least 68%”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin controlled foxtail species at least 68%.
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- foxtail species
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Alopecurus pratensise0weed - Outcome
- foxtail speciese0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- at least 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“only flumioxazin controlled common ragweed, yellow nutsedge, and foxtail species at least 68%”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin treatments caused at most 6% gladiolus injury in the second study.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flumioxazin was evaluated at four rates, in mixtures with S -metolachlor and oryzalin, and in comparison with isoxaben plus oryzalin. Gladiolus injury did not exceed 6%.”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
All flumioxazin treatments controlled common ragweed by at least 63%.
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- Common ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifoliae0weed
- Outcome
- Common ragweede0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- at least 63%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Common ragweed, annual grass, and yellow nutsedge control were at least 63% with all flumioxazin treatments.”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
All flumioxazin treatments controlled annual grass by at least 63%.
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- annual grasse0weed
- Outcome
- annual grasse0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- at least 63%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Common ragweed, annual grass, and yellow nutsedge control were at least 63% with all flumioxazin treatments.”
t0“Gladiolus”
Claim · model-written summary
All flumioxazin treatments controlled yellow nutsedge by at least 63%.
- Treatment
- flumioxazine0
- Interactor
- yellow nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- yellow nutsedgee0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- at least 63%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Common ragweed, annual grass, and yellow nutsedge control were at least 63% with all flumioxazin treatments.”
t0“Gladiolus”
The same questions in other papers
pendimethalin · growth · GladiolusPositive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
Oxyfluorfen · crop injury · GladiolusPositive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
pendimethalin · crop injury · GladiolusResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.