Abstract
It is reported here that salicylic acid (SA) is rapidly taken up by Arabidopsis cells, and its uptake is accompanied by media alkalization and cytosolic acidification, and it is inhibited by the ionophore nigericin, suggesting that its import is linked with that of H+ and driven by a proton gradient. Such import and accumulation declined sharply within a narrow physiological pH range (pH 5.7-6.1), corresponding to a reduction in the [H+] of the media from 1.99 micromol l(-1) to 0.79 micromol l(-1). Following the initial uptake, SA was exported back into the media as free SA against a continued [H+]-dependent import. Since the uptake and accumulation of SA declines sharply within a narrow pH range and cell wall alkalization is an early response during incompatible plant/pathogen interactions, the bacterial elicitor harpin(Pss) was used to investigate how SA transport may be modulated during defence responses. Harpin induced a rapid and sustained alkalization of the cell suspension media, reaching the critical pH (pH 5.9-6.1) at which SA import is inhibited at c. 60 min. Such media alkalization corresponded with a reduction in the SA associated with cells co-treated with harpin, and an inhibition of SA uptake in cells pretreated with harpin. Scavengers of ROS, or compounds which generate H2O2 or NO had little effect on the import or net export of SA, suggesting that media alkalization induced by harpin is sufficient to modulate the kinetics of SA transport.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis cells rapidly took up salicylic acid.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Outcome
- salicylic acid (SA) is rapidly taken upe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid (SA) is rapidly taken up by Arabidopsis cells”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid uptake accompanied media alkalization and cytosolic acidification.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- cytosolice0
- Outcome
- media alkalization and cytosolic acidificatione0
- Qualifier
- its uptakee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its uptake is accompanied by media alkalization and cytosolic acidification”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Nigericin inhibited salicylic acid uptake.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- nigericine0
- Outcome
- it is inhibitede0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is inhibited by the ionophore nigericin”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that salicylic acid import is proton linked and driven by a gradient.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- its importe0
- Qualifier
- driven by a proton gradiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its import is linked with that of H+ and driven by a proton gradient”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid import and accumulation declined sharply across pH 5.7 to 6.1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- import and accumulatione0
- Direction
- declined sharplye0
- Value
- pH 5.7-6.1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Such import and accumulation declined sharply within a narrow physiological pH range (pH 5.7-6.1)”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid was exported as free salicylic acid after initial uptake despite ongoing proton dependent import.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- SA was exported back into the media as free SAe0
- Qualifier
- continued [H+]-dependent importe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Following the initial uptake, SA was exported back into the media as free SA against a continued [H+]-dependent import.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Harpin rapidly and persistently alkalized cell suspension media to pH 5.9 to 6.1 by about 60 minutes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Harpine0
- Outcome
- alkalization of the cell suspension mediae0
- Direction
- alkalizatione0
- Value
- pH 5.9-6.1e0
- Qualifier
- c. 60 mine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Harpin induced a rapid and sustained alkalization of the cell suspension media, reaching the critical pH (pH 5.9-6.1) at which SA import is inhibited at c. 60 min.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Harpin cotreatment reduced cell associated salicylic acid.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- co-treated with harpine0
- Outcome
- SA associated with cellse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“media alkalization corresponded with a reduction in the SA associated with cells co-treated with harpin”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Harpin pretreatment inhibited salicylic acid uptake.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- pretreated with harpine0
- Outcome
- SA uptakee0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an inhibition of SA uptake in cells pretreated with harpin”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Reactive oxygen species scavengers had little effect on salicylic acid import or export.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- Scavengers of ROSe0
- Outcome
- import or net export of SAe0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Scavengers of ROS, or compounds which generate H2O2 or NO had little effect on the import or net export of SA”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide generating compounds had little effect on salicylic acid import or export.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- compounds which generate H2O2e0
- Outcome
- import or net export of SAe0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Scavengers of ROS, or compounds which generate H2O2 or NO had little effect on the import or net export of SA”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitric oxide generating compounds had little effect on salicylic acid import or export.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- compounds which generate H2O2 or NOe0
- Outcome
- import or net export of SAe0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Scavengers of ROS, or compounds which generate H2O2 or NO had little effect on the import or net export of SA”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that harpin induced media alkalization suffices to alter salicylic acid transport.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Outcome
- kinetics of SA transporte0
- Qualifier
- media alkalization induced by harpine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“media alkalization induced by harpin is sufficient to modulate the kinetics of SA transport”
t0“Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
hydrogen peroxide · molecular: metabolites · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
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See all 8 papers →nitric oxide · molecular: metabolites · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.