Abstract
SUMMARY No-tillage and raised beds are widely used for different crops in developed countries. A field experiment was conducted on an irrigated maize-wheat system to study the effect of field layout, tillage and straw mulch on crop performance, water use efficiency and economics for five years (2003–2008) in northwest India. Straw mulch reduced the maximum soil temperature at seed depth by about 3 °C compared to the no mulch. During the wheat emergence, raised beds recorded 1.3 °C higher soil temperature compared to the flat treatments. Both maize and wheat yields were similar under different treatments during all the years. Maize and wheat planted on raised beds recorded about 7.8% and 22.7% higher water use efficiency than under flat layout, respectively. Straw mulch showed no effect on water use and water use efficiency in maize. The net returns from the maize-wheat system were more in no tillage and permanent raised beds than with conventional tillage. Bulk density and cumulative infiltration were more in no tillage compared with conventional tillage.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch reduced maximum soil temperature by about 3 °C.
Verbatim
e0“Straw mulch reduced the maximum soil temperature at seed depth by about 3 °C compared to the no mulch”
t0“AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PERMANENT RAISED BEDS, NO TILLAGE AND STRAW MULCHING FOR AN IRRIGATED MAIZE-WHEAT SYSTEM IN NORTHWEST INDIA”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds increased soil temperature at wheat emergence by 1.3 °C.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- wheat emergencee0
- Treatment
- raised bedse0
- Outcome
- soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.3 °Ce0
- Comparator
- flat treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the wheat emergence, raised beds recorded 1.3 °C higher soil temperature compared to the flat treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yields were similar across treatments.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both maize and wheat yields were similar under different treatments during all the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yields were similar across treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- different treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both maize and wheat yields were similar under different treatments during all the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds increased maize water-use efficiency by about 7.8%.
- Treatment
- raised bedse0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- about 7.8%e0
- Comparator
- flat layoute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize and wheat planted on raised beds recorded about 7.8% and 22.7% higher water use efficiency than under flat layout, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Raised beds increased wheat water-use efficiency by 22.7%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- raised bedse0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 22.7%e0
- Comparator
- flat layoute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize and wheat planted on raised beds recorded about 7.8% and 22.7% higher water use efficiency than under flat layout, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch did not alter maize water use or water-use efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Straw mulch showed no effect on water use and water use efficiency in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage and permanent raised beds yielded greater net returns than conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“The net returns from the maize-wheat system were more in no tillage and permanent raised beds than with conventional tillage”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased bulk density relative to conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“Bulk density and cumulative infiltration were more in no tillage compared with conventional tillage”
t0“AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PERMANENT RAISED BEDS, NO TILLAGE AND STRAW MULCHING FOR AN IRRIGATED MAIZE-WHEAT SYSTEM IN NORTHWEST INDIA”
Claim · model-written summary
No tillage increased cumulative infiltration relative to conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“Bulk density and cumulative infiltration were more in no tillage compared with conventional tillage”
t0“AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PERMANENT RAISED BEDS, NO TILLAGE AND STRAW MULCHING FOR AN IRRIGATED MAIZE-WHEAT SYSTEM IN NORTHWEST INDIA”
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See all 83 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.