Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of Fe in providing tolerance against Cd-stress in root nodules of Vigna radiata, because Cd may be more deleterious in the absence of Fe. Biochemical, histological and proteomic responses to Cd-exposure (50 μM CdCl 2 ) were examined under Fe-sufficient (+Fe/+Cd) or Fe-deficient (−Fe/+Cd) soils by comparing non −Cd exposed control (+Fe/−Cd) plants with additional control of Fe-deficient and non-exposed Cd plants (−Fe/−Cd). Cd-exposure negatively affected on growth and some physiological parameters of host plant and nodules, and also induced oxidative stress with the decline of antioxidative enzyme activities. The negative effects of Cd-exposure in +Fe/+Cd plants were much less than those in −Fe/+Cd and −Fe/−Cd ones. When compared with −Fe/Cd and −Fe/−Cd plants, a marked improvement of bacteriod development and cell division was observed and deformation of cell wall remarkably alleviated in the nodules of (+Fe/Cd) plants. Proteomic study revealed that 20 proteins were differentially expressed by Fe/Cd combined treatment. Eleven proteins of interest were identified and classified as precursor for RNA metabolism, storage of seeds, hypothetical proteins, and unknown proteins. These results indicate that Fe plays a pivotal role in alleviating Cd-stress, as evidence by reduction in oxidative damage and protection of cell wall and bacteriods in nodules.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium exposure harmed host growth and nodule physiology.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiata
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Vigna radiatat0 - Treatment
- Cd-exposuree0
- Outcome
- growth and some physiological parameters of host plant and nodulese0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cd-exposure negatively affected on growth and some physiological parameters of host plant and nodules”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium induced oxidative stress and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat1
- Treatment
- Cd-inducedt0
- Outcome
- antioxidative enzyme activitiese0
- Direction
- declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“induced oxidative stress with the decline of antioxidative enzyme activities”
t0“Cd-induced oxidative stress”
t1“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron sufficiency lessened the negative effects of cadmium relative to iron deficiency.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- +Fe/+Cde0
- Outcome
- negative effects of Cd-exposuree0
- Direction
- much lesse0
- Comparator
- −Fe/+Cd and −Fe/−Cde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The negative effects of Cd-exposure in +Fe/+Cd plants were much less than those in −Fe/+Cd and −Fe/−Cd ones”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron with cadmium improved bacteroid development and cell division relative to deficient iron controls.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- +Fe/Cde0
- Outcome
- bacteriod development and cell divisione0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- −Fe/Cd and −Fe/−Cde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When compared with −Fe/Cd and −Fe/−Cd plants, a marked improvement of bacteriod development and cell division was observed and deformation of cell wall remarkably alleviated in the nodules of (+Fe/Cd) plants”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Iron with cadmium alleviated nodule cell-wall deformation.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- +Fe/Cde0
- Outcome
- deformation of cell walle0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“deformation of cell wall remarkably alleviated in the nodules of (+Fe/Cd) plants”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined iron and cadmium treatment differentially expressed 20 proteins.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- Fe/Cd combined treatmente0
- Outcome
- proteins were differentially expressede0
- Value
- 20 proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“20 proteins were differentially expressed by Fe/Cd combined treatment”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Eleven proteins were identified in several functional classes.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- proteins of interest were identified and classifiede0
- Value
- Eleven proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Eleven proteins of interest were identified and classified as precursor for RNA metabolism, storage of seeds, hypothetical proteins, and unknown proteins”
t0“Vigna radiata”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · cytology · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.