Abstract
Soils under natural conditions have heavy metals in variable concentrations and there may be an increase in these elements as a result of the agricultural practices adopted. Transport of heavy metals in soil mainly occurs in forms dissolved in the soil solution or associated with solid particles, water being their main means of transport. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the heavy metal and micronutrient content in the soil and in the grapevine plant and fruit under different irrigation strategies. The experiment was carried out in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. The treatments consisted of three irrigation strategies: full irrigation (FI), regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), and deficit irrigation (DI). During the period of grape maturation, soil samples were collected at the depths of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60, and 60-80 cm. In addition, leaves were collected at the time of ripening of the bunches, and berries were collected at harvest. Thus, the heavy metal and micronutrient contents were determined in the soil, leaves, and berries. The heavy metal and micronutrient contents in the soil showed a stochastic pattern in relation to the different irrigation strategies. The different irrigation strategies did not affect the heavy metal and micronutrient contents in the vine leaves, and they were below the contents considered toxic to the plant. In contrast, the greater availability of water in the FI treatment favored a greater Cu content in the grape, which may be a risk to vines, causing instability and turbidity. Thus, adoption of deficit irrigation is recommended so as to avoid compromising the stability of tropical wines of the Brazilian Northeast.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Soil heavy metal and micronutrient contents varied stochastically across irrigation strategies.
- Treatment
- different irrigation strategiese0
- Outcome
- heavy metal and micronutrient contents in the soile0
- Direction
- stochastic patterne0
VitisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The heavy metal and micronutrient contents in the soil showed a stochastic pattern in relation to the different irrigation strategies.”
t0“GRAPEVINE”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation strategies did not affect heavy metal and micronutrient contents in vine leaves.
- Taxon
- vinee0
- Treatment
- different irrigation strategiese0
- Outcome
- heavy metal and micronutrient contents in the vine leavese0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The different irrigation strategies did not affect the heavy metal and micronutrient contents in the vine leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy metal and micronutrient contents in vine leaves were below plant-toxic contents.
Verbatim
e0“they were below the contents considered toxic to the plant.”
t0“GRAPEVINE”
Claim · model-written summary
Full irrigation favored greater Cu content in grape berries.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the greater availability of water in the FI treatment favored a greater Cu content in the grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommended deficit irrigation to protect tropical wine stability in northeastern Brazil.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adoption of deficit irrigation is recommended so as to avoid compromising the stability of tropical wines of the Brazilian Northeast.”
t0“GRAPEVINE”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · nutrient: content · VitisPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.