Abstract
The low productivity of most Nigerian soils has been ascribed to the problem of acidity of the soils.Therefore, there is a dire need to address this problem of soil acidity, with a view to increasing the productivity of the soils, and hence, achieving sufficiency of food production.To this end, a two -year experiment was carried out in 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Ekiti State University, Ado -Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, to determine the effects of different liming materials on the fertility status of an acid Alfisol and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.).The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates.The different liming materials included: Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C).The results obtained indicated existence of significant (P = 0.05) differences among the different liming materials as regards their effects on chemical properties of acid Alfisol and grain yield of maize.At the end of 2010 cropping, liming significantly (P = 0.05) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) from 0.40 g kg -1 for C to 0.52, 0.60 and 0.68 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively.Similarly, at the end of 2011 cropping, liming significantly increased SOC from 0.33 g kg -1 for C to 0.48, 0.55, and 0.74 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA.At the end of 2010 cropping, liming significantly increased total N from 0.07 g kg -1 for C to 0.21, 0.14 and 0.29 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively.Similarly, at the end of 2011 cropping, liming significantly increased total N from 0.04 g kg -1 for C to 0.17, 0.10 and 0.34 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA.Combining means of maize grain yield data across the two years of experimentation, liming resulted in significant increases in maize grain yield from 0.70 t ha -1 for C to 1.88, 1.67 and 2.67 t ha -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively.Of all the liming materials, wood ash gave the highest maize grain yield and yield components in both years, and therefore, wood ash is recommended for maize cultivation.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
CAN liming increased SOC at the end of 2010 to 0.52 g/kg from 0.40 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)e1
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon (SOC)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 0.52e2
- Qualifier
- 0.40 g kg -1e2
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e2“liming significantly (P = 0.05) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) from 0.40 g kg -1 for C to 0.52, 0.60 and 0.68 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CC liming increased SOC at the end of 2010 to 0.60 g/kg from 0.40 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium carbonate (CC)e1
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon (SOC)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 0.60e2
- Qualifier
- 0.40 g kg -1e2
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e2“liming significantly (P = 0.05) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) from 0.40 g kg -1 for C to 0.52, 0.60 and 0.68 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
WA liming increased SOC at the end of 2010 to 0.68 g/kg from 0.40 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Wood ash (WA)e1
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon (SOC)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 0.68e2
- Qualifier
- 0.40 g kg -1e2
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e2“liming significantly (P = 0.05) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) from 0.40 g kg -1 for C to 0.52, 0.60 and 0.68 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CAN liming increased SOC at the end of 2011 to 0.48 g/kg from 0.33 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)e1
- Outcome
- SOCe3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 0.48e3
- Qualifier
- 0.33 g kg -1e3
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e3“liming significantly increased SOC from 0.33 g kg -1 for C to 0.48, 0.55, and 0.74 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA”
Claim · model-written summary
CC liming increased SOC at the end of 2011 to 0.55 g/kg from 0.33 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium carbonate (CC)e1
- Outcome
- SOCe3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 0.55e3
- Qualifier
- 0.33 g kg -1e3
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e3“liming significantly increased SOC from 0.33 g kg -1 for C to 0.48, 0.55, and 0.74 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA”
Claim · model-written summary
WA liming increased SOC at the end of 2011 to 0.74 g/kg from 0.33 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Wood ash (WA)e1
- Outcome
- SOCe3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 0.74e3
- Qualifier
- 0.33 g kg -1e3
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e3“liming significantly increased SOC from 0.33 g kg -1 for C to 0.48, 0.55, and 0.74 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA”
Claim · model-written summary
CAN liming increased total N at the end of 2010 to 0.21 g/kg from 0.07 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)e1
- Outcome
- total Ne4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 0.21e4
- Qualifier
- 0.07 g kg -1e4
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e4“liming significantly increased total N from 0.07 g kg -1 for C to 0.21, 0.14 and 0.29 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CC liming increased total N at the end of 2010 to 0.14 g/kg from 0.07 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium carbonate (CC)e1
- Outcome
- total Ne4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 0.14e4
- Qualifier
- 0.07 g kg -1e4
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e4“liming significantly increased total N from 0.07 g kg -1 for C to 0.21, 0.14 and 0.29 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
WA liming increased total N at the end of 2010 to 0.29 g/kg from 0.07 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Wood ash (WA)e1
- Outcome
- total Ne4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 0.29e4
- Qualifier
- 0.07 g kg -1e4
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e4“liming significantly increased total N from 0.07 g kg -1 for C to 0.21, 0.14 and 0.29 g kg -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CAN liming increased total N at the end of 2011 to 0.17 g/kg from 0.04 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)e1
- Outcome
- total Ne5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 0.17e5
- Qualifier
- 0.04 g kg -1e5
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e5“liming significantly increased total N from 0.04 g kg -1 for C to 0.17, 0.10 and 0.34 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA”
Claim · model-written summary
CC liming increased total N at the end of 2011 to 0.10 g/kg from 0.04 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Calcium carbonate (CC)e1
- Outcome
- total Ne5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 0.10e5
- Qualifier
- 0.04 g kg -1e5
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e5“liming significantly increased total N from 0.04 g kg -1 for C to 0.17, 0.10 and 0.34 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA”
Claim · model-written summary
WA liming increased total N at the end of 2011 to 0.34 g/kg from 0.04 for unlimed soil.
- Treatment
- Wood ash (WA)e1
- Outcome
- total Ne5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 0.34e5
- Qualifier
- 0.04 g kg -1e5
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e5“liming significantly increased total N from 0.04 g kg -1 for C to 0.17, 0.10 and 0.34 g kg -1 for the respective CAN, CC and WA”
Claim · model-written summary
CAN liming increased maize grain yield to 1.88 t/ha from 0.70 t/ha for unlimed plots, averaged over two years.
- Treatment
- Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)e1
- Outcome
- maize grain yielde6
- Direction
- increasese6
- Value
- 1.88e6
- Qualifier
- 0.70 t ha -1e6
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e6“liming resulted in significant increases in maize grain yield from 0.70 t ha -1 for C to 1.88, 1.67 and 2.67 t ha -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
CC liming increased maize grain yield to 1.67 t/ha from 0.70 t/ha for unlimed plots, averaged over two years.
- Treatment
- Calcium carbonate (CC)e1
- Outcome
- maize grain yielde6
- Direction
- increasese6
- Value
- 1.67e6
- Qualifier
- 0.70 t ha -1e6
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e6“liming resulted in significant increases in maize grain yield from 0.70 t ha -1 for C to 1.88, 1.67 and 2.67 t ha -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
WA liming increased maize grain yield to 2.67 t/ha from 0.70 t/ha for unlimed plots, averaged over two years.
- Treatment
- Wood ash (WA)e1
- Outcome
- maize grain yielde6
- Direction
- increasese6
- Value
- 2.67e6
- Qualifier
- 0.70 t ha -1e6
- Comparator
- unlimed treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN); Calcium carbonate (CC); Wood ash (WA) and unlimed treatment, which served as the control (C)”
e6“liming resulted in significant increases in maize grain yield from 0.70 t ha -1 for C to 1.88, 1.67 and 2.67 t ha -1 for CAN, CC and WA, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Wood ash gave the highest maize grain yield and yield components of all the liming materials in both years.
- Treatment
- wood ashe7
- Outcome
- maize grain yield and yield componentse7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Comparator
- all the liming materialse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Of all the liming materials, wood ash gave the highest maize grain yield and yield components in both years”
Claim · model-written summary
Wood ash is recommended for maize cultivation.
- Outcome
- recommended for maize cultivatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“wood ash is recommended for maize cultivation”
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.