Abstract
To explore the mechanisms underlying water regulation in clonal plants and its effects on carbon assimilation under water stress, we studied the responses of water status, gas exchange and abscisic acid (ABA) contents to water stress in leaves of pairs of strawberry ramets that consist of mother and daughter ramets. There was a greater decrease in photosynthetic rates (P(n)) and stomatal conductance (G(s)) in the disconnected mother ramets than the connected mother ramets upon exposure to water stress, indicating that water stress in mother ramets was alleviated by water translocation from the well-watered daughter ramets. Conversely, the connected mother ramets displayed enhanced symptoms of water stress when the connected daughter ramets were exposed to water deficit. The mother ramets had lower water potential (psi(w)) due to their stronger osmotic adjustment than in well-watered daughter ramets; this resulted in water flow from the connected daughter ramets to mother ramets, thus alleviating water stress of mother ramets. During soil drying, there was a striking increase in ABA concentrations in leaves of the disconnected mother ramets, whereas leaf bulk ABA was much lower in the connected and water-stressed mother ramets than that in the drought-affected mother ramets in the disconnected group. In this study, though G(s) was linearly correlated with leaf bulk ABA and psi(w), G(s) in water-stressed mother ramets in disconnected group exhibited less sensitivity to the variation in leaf bulk ABA and psi(w) than that in connected and water-stressed mother ramets. Taken together, these results indicate that: (1) the flux of water translocation between the connected ramets is determined by a water potential gradient; (2) water translocation between connected ramets helps to keep sensitivity of G(s) to ABA and psi(w) in drought-affected ramets, thereby benefit to effectively maintain the homeostasis of leaf water status and (3) the improvements in P(n) in water-stressed ramets due to water translocation from well-watered ramets suggest the advantages of physiological integration in clonal plants in environments with heterogeneous water distribution.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Disconnected stressed mother ramets had a greater photosynthetic-rate decline than connected mothers.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Organ / stage
- mother rametse0
- Treatment
- disconnected mother rametse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rates (P(n))e0
- Direction
- greater decreasee0
- Comparator
- connected mother rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“greater decrease in photosynthetic rates (P(n)) and stomatal conductance (G(s)) in the disconnected mother ramets than the connected mother ramets upon exposure to water stress”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Disconnected stressed mother ramets had a greater stomatal-conductance decline than connected mothers.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- mother rametse0
- Treatment
- disconnected mother rametse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance (G(s))e0
- Direction
- greater decreasee0
- Comparator
- connected mother rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater decrease in photosynthetic rates (P(n)) and stomatal conductance (G(s)) in the disconnected mother ramets than the connected mother ramets upon exposure to water stress”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Connected mother ramets showed enhanced water-stress symptoms when daughters had a water deficit.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- connected daughter ramets were exposed to water deficite0
- Outcome
- symptoms of water stresse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“connected mother ramets displayed enhanced symptoms of water stress when the connected daughter ramets were exposed to water deficit”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Mother ramets had lower water potential than well-watered daughters.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- water potential (psi(w))e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- well-watered daughter rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mother ramets had lower water potential (psi(w)) due to their stronger osmotic adjustment than in well-watered daughter ramets”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Mother ramets showed stronger osmotic adjustment than well-watered daughters.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- osmotic adjustmente0
- Direction
- strongere0
- Comparator
- well-watered daughter rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mother ramets had lower water potential (psi(w)) due to their stronger osmotic adjustment than in well-watered daughter ramets”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Water flowed from connected daughters to mothers and alleviated maternal water stress.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- mother rametse0
- Outcome
- water stress of mother rametse0
- Qualifier
- water flow from the connected daughter ramets to mother rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this resulted in water flow from the connected daughter ramets to mother ramets, thus alleviating water stress of mother ramets”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf ABA concentration rose strikingly in disconnected mothers during soil drying.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Organ / stage
- leaves of the disconnected mother rametse0
- Treatment
- soil dryinge0
- Outcome
- ABA concentrations in leavese0
- Direction
- striking increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During soil drying, there was a striking increase in ABA concentrations in leaves of the disconnected mother ramets”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Connected stressed mothers had lower leaf ABA than drought-affected disconnected mothers.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- leaf bulk ABAe0
- Direction
- much lowere0
- Comparator
- drought-affected mother ramets in the disconnected groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf bulk ABA was much lower in the connected and water-stressed mother ramets than that in the drought-affected mother ramets in the disconnected group”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Stomatal conductance correlated linearly with leaf ABA and water potential.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Compound
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- G(s)e0
- Qualifier
- psi(w)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“G(s) was linearly correlated with leaf bulk ABA and psi(w)”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
Disconnected stressed mothers had lower stomatal-conductance sensitivity to variation in leaf ABA and water potential.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Compound
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- G(s)e0
- Direction
- less sensitivitye0
- Qualifier
- psi(w)e0
- Comparator
- connected and water-stressed mother rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“G(s) in water-stressed mother ramets in disconnected group exhibited less sensitivity to the variation in leaf bulk ABA and psi(w) than that in connected and water-stressed mother ramets”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that water-potential gradient determines water flow between ramets.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Outcome
- flux of water translocation between the connected rametse0
- Qualifier
- water potential gradiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the flux of water translocation between the connected ramets is determined by a water potential gradient”
t0“strawberry”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that water translocation preserves conductance sensitivity and water-status homeostasis.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Compound
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- homeostasis of leaf water statuse0
- Qualifier
- water translocation between connected rametse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water translocation between connected ramets helps to keep sensitivity of G(s) to ABA and psi(w) in drought-affected ramets, thereby benefit to effectively maintain the homeostasis of leaf water status”
t0“strawberry”
The same questions in other papers
drought · disease · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
processing · molecular: metabolites · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.