Abstract
Phytoextraction is a method of phytoremediation using plants to remediate metal-contaminated soils. Recently, various chelating agents were used in this method to increase the bioavailability of metals in soils. Even though phytoextraction is an economic and environment-friendly method, this cannot be applied in highly metal-contaminated areas because plants will not normally grow in such conditions. This research focuses on identifying chelating agents which are biodegradable and applicable to highly metal-contaminated areas. Lead (Pb) as a target metal and cysteine (Cys), histidine (His), citrate, malate, oxalate, succinate, and ethylenediamine (EDA) as biodegradable chelating agents were selected. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) was used as a comparative standard. Plants were grown on agar media containing various chelating agents with Pb to analyze the effect on root growth. Cys strongly increased the inhibitory effect of Pb on root growth of plants, while, His did not affect on it significantly. The inhibitory effect of oxalate is weak, and malate, citrate, and succinate did not show significant effects. Both EDTA and EDA diminished the inhibitory effect of Pb on root growth. The effect of EDA is correlated with decreased Pb uptake into the plants. In conclusion, as biodegradable chelating agents, EDA is a good candidate for highly Pb-contaminated area.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cys strongly increased Pb inhibition of plant root growth.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- Cyse0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of Pb on root growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Cys strongly increased the inhibitory effect of Pb on root growth of plants”
Claim · model-written summary
His did not significantly affect Pb inhibition of plant root growth.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- Hise0
- Outcome
- Growtht0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- significantlye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“His did not affect on it significantly.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxalate weakly inhibited plant root growth under Pb stress.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- oxalatee0
- Outcome
- Growtht0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitory effect of oxalate is weak”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Malate did not have a significant effect on plant root growth under Pb stress.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- malatee0
- Outcome
- Growtht0
- Direction
- did not showe0
- Qualifier
- significant effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“malate, citrate, and succinate did not show significant effects.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Citrate did not have a significant effect on plant root growth under Pb stress.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- citratee0
- Outcome
- Growtht0
- Direction
- did not showe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“malate, citrate, and succinate did not show significant effects.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Succinate did not have a significant effect on plant root growth under Pb stress.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- succinatee0
- Outcome
- Growtht0
- Direction
- did not showe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“malate, citrate, and succinate did not show significant effects.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
EDTA diminished Pb inhibition of plant root growth.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- EDTAe0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of Pb on root growthe0
- Direction
- diminishede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Both EDTA and EDA diminished the inhibitory effect of Pb on root growth.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
EDA diminished Pb inhibition of plant root growth.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- EDAe0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effect of Pb on root growthe0
- Direction
- diminishede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Both EDTA and EDA diminished the inhibitory effect of Pb on root growth.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The effect of EDA correlated with reduced Pb uptake into plants.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- EDAe0
- Outcome
- Pb uptake into the plantse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Verbatim
e0“The effect of EDA is correlated with decreased Pb uptake into the plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify EDA as a candidate biodegradable chelator for highly Pb-contaminated areas.
- Taxon
- PlantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- EDAe0
- Outcome
- EDA is a good candidate for highly Pb-contaminated areae0
Verbatim
e0“as biodegradable chelating agents, EDA is a good candidate for highly Pb-contaminated area.”
t0“Growth of Plants under Lead stress”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.