Abstract
Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) is a cell wall-associated protein that specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of fungal endopolygalacturonases. The Phaseolus vulgaris gene encoding PGIP has been cloned and characterized. Using a fragment of the cloned pgip gene as a probe in Northern blot experiments, it is demonstrated that the pgip mRNA accumulates in suspension-cultured bean cells following addition of elicitor-active oligogalacturonides or fungal glucan to the medium. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies specific for PGIP were generated against a synthetic peptide designed from the N-terminal region of PGIP; the antigenicity of the peptide was enhanced by coupling to KLH. Using the antibodies and the cloned pgip gene fragment as probes in Western and Northern blot experiments, respectively, it is shown that the levels of PGIP and its mRNA are increased in P. vulgaris hypocotyls in response to wounding or treatment with salicylic acid. Using gold-labeled goat-anti-rabbit secondary antibodies in EM studies, it has also been demonstrated that, in bean hypocotyls infected with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the level of PGIP preferentially increases in those cells immediately surrounding the infection site. The data support the hypothesis that synthesis of PGIP constitutes an active defense mechanism of plants that is elicited by signal molecules known to induce plant defense genes.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The bean gene encoding PGIP was cloned and characterized.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Gene
- PGIPe0
- Outcome
- gene encoding PGIPe0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Phaseolus vulgaris gene encoding PGIP has been cloned and characterized.”
Claim · model-written summary
PGIP mRNA accumulated after oligogalacturonide addition.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Organ / stage
- suspension-cultured bean cellse0
- Treatment
- elicitor-active oligogalacturonidese0
- Gene
- pgipe0
- Outcome
- pgip mRNAe0
- Direction
- accumulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the pgip mRNA accumulates in suspension-cultured bean cells following addition of elicitor-active oligogalacturonides or fungal glucan to the medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
PGIP mRNA accumulated after fungal glucan addition.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Organ / stage
- suspension-cultured bean cellse0
- Treatment
- fungal glucane0
- Gene
- pgipe0
- Outcome
- pgip mRNAe0
- Direction
- accumulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the pgip mRNA accumulates in suspension-cultured bean cells following addition of elicitor-active oligogalacturonides or fungal glucan to the medium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding increased PGIP protein and mRNA in hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- P. vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Treatment
- woundinge0
- Gene
- PGIPe0
- Outcome
- levels of PGIP and its mRNAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the levels of PGIP and its mRNA are increased in P. vulgaris hypocotyls in response to wounding or treatment with salicylic acid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid increased PGIP protein and mRNA in hypocotyls.
- Taxon
- P. vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Gene
- PGIPe0
- Outcome
- levels of PGIP and its mRNAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the levels of PGIP and its mRNA are increased in P. vulgaris hypocotyls in response to wounding or treatment with salicylic acid.”
Claim · model-written summary
PGIP preferentially increased near Colletotrichum infection sites.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Organ / stage
- hypocotylse0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Colletotrichum lindemuthianume0pathogen - Gene
- PGIPe0
- Outcome
- level of PGIPe0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in bean hypocotyls infected with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the level of PGIP preferentially increases in those cells immediately surrounding the infection site.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret PGIP synthesis as an elicited active defense mechanism.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Gene
- PGIPe0
- Outcome
- active defense mechanisme0
- Qualifier
- elicited by signal molecules known to induce plant defense genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“synthesis of PGIP constitutes an active defense mechanism of plants that is elicited by signal molecules known to induce plant defense genes.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.