Abstract
Seventeen rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars of contrasting ecosystems and origins were exposed to two CO2 concentrations (373 [ambient] and 664 μl l−1 CO2 [elevated]) at two different day/night temperatures (29/21 °C and 37/29 °C) in glasshouses at the International Rice Research Institute phytotron during the dry seasons of 1994 and 1995. Growth at elevated CO2 (as determined by total plant biomass at maturity) increased by an average of 70% and 22%, respectively, for all cultivars for growth temperatures of 29/21 °C and 37/29 °C relative to the ambient CO2 treatment. At the 29/21 °C optimal growth temperature, grain yield increased on average c. 50% with enriched CO2. In contrast, at the higher growth temperature (37/29 °C), grain yield was almost zero, presumably due, in part, to temperature-induced infertility (i.e. the percentage of filled spikelets was <1%). Among cultivars, lAC 165, a tropical japonica from Brazil, showed the largest relative increase in both biomass and grain yield. While the range of responses to increased CO2 and/or temperature were quite large (e.g. 10–250%) and may not be applicable to field conditions, data indicate that lines are available which could maximize productivity as CO2 concentration increases. Additional work, however, would be needed to identify cultivars which would maintain maximum yields in a high CO2, high temperature environment.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased rice biomass by 70% at 29/21 °C.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- elevated CO2e0
- Outcome
- total plant biomass at maturitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Qualifier
- 29/21 °Ce0
- Comparator
- ambient CO2 treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth at elevated CO2 (as determined by total plant biomass at maturity) increased by an average of 70% and 22%, respectively, for all cultivars for growth temperatures of 29/21 °C and 37/29 °C relative to the ambient CO2 treatment.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased rice biomass by 22% at 37/29 °C.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- elevated CO2e0
- Outcome
- total plant biomass at maturitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 22%e0
- Qualifier
- 37/29 °Ce0
- Comparator
- ambient CO2 treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth at elevated CO2 (as determined by total plant biomass at maturity) increased by an average of 70% and 22%, respectively, for all cultivars for growth temperatures of 29/21 °C and 37/29 °C relative to the ambient CO2 treatment.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 29/21 °C elevated CO2 increased grain yield by about 50%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Treatment
- enriched CO2e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- c. 50%e0
- Qualifier
- 29/21 °Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the 29/21 °C optimal growth temperature, grain yield increased on average c. 50% with enriched CO2.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 37/29 °C rice grain yield was almost zero.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Value
- almost zeroe0
- Qualifier
- 37/29 °Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at the higher growth temperature (37/29 °C), grain yield was almost zero”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 37/29 °C filled spikelets were below 1%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Outcome
- percentage of filled spikeletse0
- Value
- <1%e0
- Qualifier
- temperature-induced infertilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“temperature-induced infertility (i.e. the percentage of filled spikelets was <1%)”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
IAC 165 had the largest relative biomass increase among cultivars.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Material
- lAC 165e0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- largest relative increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lAC 165, a tropical japonica from Brazil, showed the largest relative increase in both biomass and grain yield.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
IAC 165 had the largest relative grain yield increase among cultivars.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Material
- lAC 165e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- largest relative increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lAC 165, a tropical japonica from Brazil, showed the largest relative increase in both biomass and grain yield.”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar responses to CO2 and temperature ranged from 10 to 250%.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Outcome
- range of responses to increased CO2 and/or temperaturee0
- Value
- 10–250%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the range of responses to increased CO2 and/or temperature were quite large (e.g. 10–250%)”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that available rice lines could maximize productivity with increasing CO2.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativae1
- Outcome
- maximize productivity as CO2 concentration increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lines are available which could maximize productivity as CO2 concentration increases”
e1“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
99 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 124 papers →co2 · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
130 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
155 papers more in this group
See all 159 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.