Abstract
Plants often respond to attack by insect herbivores and necrotrophic pathogens with induction of jasmonate-dependent resistance traits, but respond to attack by biotrophic pathogens with induction of salicylate-dependent resistance traits. To assess the degree to which the jasmonate- and salicylate-dependent pathways interact, we compared pathogenesis-related protein activity and bacterial performance in four mutant Arabidopsis thaliana lines relative to their wild-type backgrounds. We found that two salicylate-dependent pathway mutants (cep1, nim1-1) exhibited strong effects on the growth of the generalist biotrophic pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, whereas two jasmonate-dependent pathway mutants (fad3-2fad7-2fad8, jar1-1) did not. Leaf peroxidase and exochitinase activity were negatively correlated with bacterial growth, whereas leaf polyphenol oxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration were not. Interestingly, leaf total glucosinolate concentration was positively correlated with bacterial growth. In the same experiment, we also found that application of jasmonic acid generally increased leaf peroxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration in the mutant lines. However, the cep1 mutant, shown previously to overexpress salicylic acid, exhibited no detectable biological or chemical responses to jasmonic acid, suggesting that high levels of salicylic acid may have inhibited a plant response. In a second experiment, we compared the effect of jasmonic acid and/or salicylic acid on two ecotypes of A. thaliana. Application of salicylic acid to the Wassilewskija ecotype decreased bacterial growth. However, this effect was not observed when both salicylic acid and jasmonic acid were applied, suggesting that jasmonic acid negated the beneficial effect of salicylic acid. Collectively, our results confirm that the salicylate-dependent pathway is more important than the jasmonate-dependent pathway in determining growth of P. syringae pv. tomato in A. thaliana, and suggest important negative interactions between these two major defensive pathways in the Wassilewskija ecotype. In contrast, the Columbia ecotype exhibited little evidence of negative interactions between the two pathways, suggesting intraspecific variability in how these pathways interact in A. thaliana.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylate pathway mutants cep1 and nim1-1 strongly affected pathogen growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Material
- cep1, nim1-1e0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0pathogen - Outcome
- growth of the generalist biotrophic pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two salicylate-dependent pathway mutants (cep1, nim1-1) exhibited strong effects on the growth of the generalist biotrophic pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonate pathway mutants fad3-2fad7-2fad8 and jar1-1 did not strongly affect pathogen growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- fad3-2fad7-2fad8, jar1-1e0
- Outcome
- growth of the generalist biotrophic pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomatoe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas two jasmonate-dependent pathway mutants (fad3-2fad7-2fad8, jar1-1) did not”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“growth of the generalist biotrophic pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf peroxidase and exochitinase activities were negatively correlated with bacterial growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- peroxidase and exochitinasee0
- Outcome
- bacterial growthe0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf peroxidase and exochitinase activity were negatively correlated with bacterial growth”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf polyphenol oxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration were not correlated with bacterial growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- polyphenol oxidasee0
- Outcome
- bacterial growthe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas leaf polyphenol oxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration were not”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
e1“bacterial growth, whereas leaf polyphenol oxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration were not”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf total glucosinolate concentration was positively correlated with bacterial growth.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Compound
- glucosinolatee0
- Outcome
- bacterial growthe0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf total glucosinolate concentration was positively correlated with bacterial growth”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonic acid application generally increased leaf peroxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration in mutant lines.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- application of jasmonic acide0
- Outcome
- leaf peroxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of jasmonic acid generally increased leaf peroxidase activity and trypsin inhibitor concentration in the mutant lines”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The cep1 mutant showed no detectable biological or chemical response to jasmonic acid.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- cep1e0
- Treatment
- jasmonic acide0
- Outcome
- biological or chemical responsese0
- Direction
- no detectablee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cep1 mutant, shown previously to overexpress salicylic acid, exhibited no detectable biological or chemical responses to jasmonic acid”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid application decreased bacterial growth in Wassilewskija.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- Wassilewskija ecotypee0
- Treatment
- salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- bacterial growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of salicylic acid to the Wassilewskija ecotype decreased bacterial growth”
t0“two ecotypes of A. thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined salicylic and jasmonic acids did not produce the bacterial growth decrease seen with salicylic acid alone.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- both salicylic acid and jasmonic acide0
- Outcome
- this effecte0
- Direction
- not observede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this effect was not observed when both salicylic acid and jasmonic acid were applied”
t0“two ecotypes of A. thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Columbia showed little evidence of negative interaction between the defensive pathways.
- Taxon
- A. thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- Columbia ecotypee0
- Outcome
- negative interactions between the two pathwayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Columbia ecotype exhibited little evidence of negative interactions between the two pathways”
t0“two ecotypes of A. thaliana”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · disease · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.